Wühr Peter, Biebl Rupert
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2009 Feb;71(2):248-57. doi: 10.3758/APP.71.2.248.
Two experiments investigated competing explanations for the reversal of spatial stimulus-response (S-R) correspondence effects (i.e., Simon effects) with an incompatible S-R mapping on the relevant, nonspatial dimension. Competing explanations were based on generalized S-R rules (logical-recoding account) or referred to display-control arrangement correspondence or to S-S congruity. In Experiment 1, compatible responses to finger-name stimuli presented at left/right locations produced normal Simon effects, whereas incompatible responses to finger-name stimuli produced an inverted Simon effect. This finding supports the logical-recoding account. In Experiment 2, spatial S-R correspondence and color S-R correspondence were varied independently, and main effects of these variables were observed. The lack of an interaction between these variables, however, disconfirms a prediction of the display-control arrangement correspondence account. Together, the results provide converging evidence for the logical-recoding account. This account claims that participants derive generalized response selection rules (e.g., the identity or reversal rule) from specific S-R rules and inadvertently apply the generalized rules to the irrelevant (spatial) S-R dimension when selecting their response.
两项实验探究了对于空间刺激-反应（S-R）对应效应（即西蒙效应）反转的竞争性解释，该效应是在相关的非空间维度上采用不相容的S-R映射产生的。竞争性解释基于广义的S-R规则（逻辑重新编码理论），或者涉及显示控制安排对应关系，或者涉及刺激-刺激一致性。在实验1中，对呈现于左/右位置的手指名称刺激做出的相容反应产生了正常的西蒙效应，而对手指名称刺激做出的不相容反应产生了反转的西蒙效应。这一发现支持了逻辑重新编码理论。在实验2中，空间S-R对应关系和颜色S-R对应关系被独立地进行了变化，并且观察到了这些变量的主效应。然而，这些变量之间缺乏交互作用，这否定了显示控制安排对应关系理论的一个预测。总体而言，这些结果为逻辑重新编码理论提供了趋同证据。该理论认为，参与者从特定的S-R规则中推导出广义的反应选择规则（例如，同一性或反转规则），并在选择反应时无意中将这些广义规则应用于不相关的（空间）S-R维度。
