Salanave Benoit, Peneau Sandrine, Rolland-Cachera Marie-Françoise, Hercberg Serge, Castetbon Katia
Institute for Health Surveillance, University Paris13, National Conservatory of Arts and Trades, Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Unit, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, Bobigny Cedex F-93017, France.
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(2):66-72. doi: 10.1080/17477160902811207.
Over the past several decades, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased worldwide. In France, the National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS), implemented in 2001, was aimed at stopping this increase. The purpose of our study was to monitor changes in prevalence of overweight and obesity in 7-9-year-old children in France since the PNNS was set up.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007 in France based on a comparable protocol used in 2000. Primary schools were randomly selected in 11 out of 26 administrative school districts. In each of these schools, two classes were randomly selected. All children from these classes were included. Weight and height were measured by nurses or physicians belonging to the French educational system. A lifestyle self-administered questionnaire was completed by the parents. International Obesity Task Force cut-offs were used to define body mass status. Direct standardization was used to enable a comparison between 2000 and 2007.
In 2007, the prevalence of overweight was 15.8%, including 2.8% obesity, compared with 18.1% and 3.8%, respectively, in 2000. Differences between 2000 and 2007 did not reach statistical significance. In both years, the risk of being overweight or obese was significantly lower for children whose parents' occupation was that of manager or white collar rather than the other, less-privileged occupational categories.
Our study demonstrates stabilization of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 7-9-year-old children in France between 2000 and 2007. It is possible that the PNNS may be partly responsible for this stabilization.
在过去几十年间，全球儿童肥胖症的患病率呈上升趋势。在法国，2001年实施的国家营养与健康计划（PNNS）旨在阻止这一增长态势。我们研究的目的是监测自PNNS设立以来法国7至9岁儿童超重和肥胖患病率的变化情况。
2007年在法国开展了一项横断面研究，采用了与2000年相同的可比方案。在26个行政区中的11个随机选取小学。在每所这些学校中，随机选取两个班级。这些班级的所有儿童均被纳入研究。体重和身高由法国教育系统的护士或医生测量。家长完成一份关于生活方式的自填问卷。采用国际肥胖特别工作组的标准来定义体重状况。使用直接标准化方法以便对2000年和2007年的数据进行比较。
2007年，超重患病率为15.8%，其中肥胖率为2.8%，而2000年分别为18.1%和3.8%。2000年与2007年之间的差异未达到统计学显著性。在这两年中，父母职业为经理或白领的儿童超重或肥胖的风险显著低于其他特权较少的职业类别儿童。
我们的研究表明，2000年至2007年间法国7至9岁儿童超重和肥胖的患病率趋于稳定。PNNS可能对此稳定态势负有部分责任。
