Mintsa-Ndong Armel, Caron Melanie, Plantier Jean-Christophe, Makuwa Maria, Le Hello Simon, Courgnaud Valerie, Roques Pierre, Kazanji Mirdad
Unité de Rétrovirologie, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2009 Apr;25(4):411-8. doi: 10.1089/aid.2008.0223.
The northeast of Gabon, central Africa is characterized by high population density and a high rate of immigration from the surrounding countries. To determine the prevalence, circulating subtypes, and antiretroviral resistance mutations of HIV-1, 810 blood samples were collected from the general population of the two main cities (Oyem and Makokou) of this region. Of these, 61 (7.5%) were found to be positive for HIV-1. Analysis of the env (gp120), pol, and gag (p24) sequences as well as phylogenetic analyses showed at least eight different viral lineages. The most prevalent strains were CRF02 recombinants, followed by subtypes A, D, and C. The remaining strains were found to be F, J, G, and also, for the first time in Gabon, the recombinant form CRF11cpx. Analysis of antiretroviral drug-resistance mutations in protease and reverse transcriptase from this untreated population showed a low level of specific mutations. These mutations were associated with subtype polymorphism rather than with resistance to antiretroviral drugs. The wide diversity and the emergence of recombinant strains are in accordance with the rapid spread of new HIV strains in the population and, thus, the dynamic evolution of the epidemic.
非洲中部加蓬东北部人口密度高，且来自周边国家的移民率也高。为了确定HIV-1的流行率、传播亚型及抗逆转录病毒耐药性突变，从该地区两个主要城市（奥耶姆和马科库）的普通人群中采集了810份血样。其中，61份（7.5%）被检测出HIV-1呈阳性。对env（gp120）、pol和gag（p24）序列的分析以及系统发育分析显示至少有8种不同的病毒谱系。最常见的毒株是CRF02重组株，其次是A、D和C亚型。其余毒株为F、J、G亚型，加蓬还首次发现了重组形式CRF11cpx。对该未接受治疗人群的蛋白酶和逆转录酶中的抗逆转录病毒耐药性突变进行分析，结果显示特定突变水平较低。这些突变与亚型多态性有关，而非与抗逆转录病毒药物耐药性有关。病毒的广泛多样性和重组毒株的出现与新的HIV毒株在人群中的快速传播以及疫情的动态演变是一致的。
