He J, Tell G S, Tang Y C, Mo P S, He G Q
Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Epidemiology. 1991 Mar;2(2):88-97. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199103000-00002.
The Yi People Study was conducted in Puge County, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. Four population groups were surveyed for risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Included were two groups of Yi farmers living either in a high mountainous area in extremely remote villages at or above 2,750 meters elevation, or in a mountainside area at about 1,800 meters elevation. A third study group consisted of Yi farmers who migrated to the county seat during the 1950s. Local residents of the county seat, the Han people, constituted the fourth group. Blood pressure rises very little with age after puberty in Yi farmers, but there was a trend of increasing blood pressure with age in Yi migrants and Han. Mean body mass index (kg/m2) and heart rate were higher in Yi migrants than in Yi farmers. For men, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were greater among Yi migrants than among Yi farmers. These differences persisted after adjusting for age and body mass index. Among women, after adjusting for age, BMI, and altitude, only diastolic blood pressure was lower among Yi farmers than Yi migrants. Yi migrants and Han had similar blood pressures. In 1986, a sample of men participated in more detailed studies of diet, serum, and urine. The proportion of energy from fat ranged from less than 10% among high-mountain Yi farmers to almost 40% among Yi migrants and Han. Compared with Yi farmers, Yi migrants consumed more sodium and less potassium, calcium, and magnesium, had lower serum potassium, and a greater sodium/potassium ratio. Urinary excretion of sodium, calcium, and the sodium/potassium ratio were all greater in Yi migrants than in Yi farmers, while the reverse was seen for potassium. These data suggest that changes in life-style, including dietary changes, contribute importantly to the higher blood pressure among Yi migrants.
彝族人群研究在中国四川省普格县开展。对四个群体进行了心血管疾病风险因素调查。其中包括两组彝族农民,一组生活在海拔2750米及以上极其偏远村庄的高山地区,另一组生活在海拔约1800米的山腰地区。第三组研究对象是20世纪50年代迁移到县城的彝族农民。县城的当地居民汉族构成第四组。彝族农民青春期后血压随年龄增长升高很少,但彝族移民和汉族有随年龄增长血压升高的趋势。彝族移民的平均体重指数(kg/m²)和心率高于彝族农民。对于男性,彝族移民的收缩压和舒张压均高于彝族农民。在调整年龄和体重指数后,这些差异仍然存在。对于女性,在调整年龄、体重指数和海拔后,只有彝族农民的舒张压低于彝族移民。彝族移民和汉族的血压相似。1986年,抽取了一部分男性参与饮食、血清和尿液的更详细研究。脂肪提供的能量比例从高山地区彝族农民的不到10%到彝族移民和汉族的近40%不等。与彝族农民相比,彝族移民摄入更多的钠,而钾、钙和镁的摄入量较少,血清钾水平较低,钠/钾比值更高。彝族移民的尿钠、尿钙排泄量和钠/钾比值均高于彝族农民,而尿钾排泄情况则相反。这些数据表明,生活方式的改变,包括饮食变化,是彝族移民血压较高的重要原因。