肯尼亚东部低地基布韦齐的季节性蚊虫幼虫数量及种类构成

Seasonal mosquito larval abundance and composition in Kibwezi, lower eastern Kenya.

作者信息

Mwangangi Joseph M, Muturi Ephantus J, Mbogo Charles M

机构信息

Department of Entomology, Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya.

出版信息

J Vector Borne Dis. 2009 Mar;46(1):65-71.

PMID:19326710

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Changes in weather patterns especially rainfall affects the distribution and densities of mosquitoes. The objective of this study was to describe mosquito aquatic habitats, to determine larval abundance, species composition, and habitat types found in Kasayani village of Kibwezi division.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey of mosquito larval habitats was conducted in Kasayani village in Kibwezi division to determine species composition, larval abundance, and habitat types found in this village. This survey was conducted during the rainy season in November and December 2006 and during the dry season in February and March 2007. Larvae were collected using the standard dipping technique and a total of 24 habitats were sampled. The primary habitats identified were water reservoir tanks, puddles, temporary pools, and tyre tracks.

RESULTS

A total of 2660 mosquito larvae were collected of which 2140 (80.45%) were culicines, 503 (18.91%) were Anopheles and 17 (0.64%) were pupae. For culicines, 1787 (83.5%) were categorized as early instars and 353 (16.5%) were as late instars while in the Anopheles, 425 (84.49%) were classified as early instars and 78 (15.51%) were late instars. Morphological identification of the III and IV instar larvae by use of microscopy yielded 16.24% (n = 70) Anopheles gambiae complex, 1.16% (n=5) An. funestus, 0.70% (n=3) An. coustani, 42.46% (n=183) Culex quinquefasciatus, 6.26% (n = 27) Cx. duttoni, and 33.18% (n=143) Ae. aegypti. Puddles, tyre tracks and pools had highly turbid water while water reservoir tanks had clear water. Anopheles gambiae and Cx. quinquefasciatus were found in all habitat categories while Ae. aegypti were found only in water storage tanks.

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The mosquito larval densities indicate that the inhabitants of this village are at risk of mosquito-borne diseases including malaria, which is one of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality in this area. Furthermore, mosquito control measures targeting both the mosquito immatures and adults should be enhanced especially during the rainy season to ensure maximum protection of the inhabitants.

摘要

背景与目的

天气模式的变化尤其是降雨会影响蚊子的分布和密度。本研究的目的是描述蚊子的水生栖息地，确定基布韦齐分区卡萨亚尼村的幼虫数量、物种组成和栖息地类型。

方法

在基布韦齐分区的卡萨亚尼村对蚊子幼虫栖息地进行横断面调查，以确定该村的物种组成、幼虫数量和栖息地类型。该调查于2006年11月和12月的雨季以及2007年2月和3月的旱季进行。使用标准 dipping 技术收集幼虫，共对24个栖息地进行了采样。确定的主要栖息地有水塘、水坑、临时水池和轮胎痕迹。

结果

共收集到2660只蚊子幼虫，其中2140只（80.45%）为库蚊，503只（18.91%）为按蚊，17只（0.64%）为蛹。对于库蚊，1787只（83.5%）被归类为早期幼虫，353只（16.5%）为晚期幼虫；而在按蚊中，425只（84.49%）被归类为早期幼虫，78只（15.51%）为晚期幼虫。通过显微镜对III龄和IV龄幼虫进行形态学鉴定，结果显示16.24%（n = 70）为冈比亚按蚊复合体，1.16%（n = 5）为嗜人按蚊，0.70%（n = 3）为科斯塔尼按蚊，42.46%（n = 183）为致倦库蚊，6.26%（n = 27）为达顿库蚊，33.18%（n = 143）为埃及伊蚊。水坑、轮胎痕迹和水池的水高度浑浊，而水塘的水清澈。所有栖息地类型中均发现了冈比亚按蚊和致倦库蚊，而埃及伊蚊仅在储水箱中发现。