Krook A, Zierath J R
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, von Eulers väg 4, Stockholm, Sweden.
Diabetologia. 2009 Jul;52(7):1231-9. doi: 10.1007/s00125-009-1330-y. Epub 2009 Mar 31.
Insulin action on metabolically active tissues is a complex process involving positive and negative feedback regulation to control whole body glucose homeostasis. At the cellular level, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as protein synthesis, are controlled through canonical insulin signalling cascades. The discovery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) allows for the molecular dissection of critical components of the regulation of metabolic and gene regulatory events in insulin-sensitive tissues. The application of siRNA to tissues of human origin allows for the molecular dissection of the mechanism(s) regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Penetration of the pathways controlling insulin action in human tissue may aid in discovery efforts to develop diabetes prevention and treatment strategies. This review will focus on the use of siRNA to validate critical regulators controlling insulin action in human skeletal muscle, a key organ important for the control of whole body insulin-mediated glucose uptake and metabolism.
胰岛素对代谢活跃组织的作用是一个复杂的过程，涉及正负反馈调节，以控制全身葡萄糖稳态。在细胞水平上，葡萄糖和脂质代谢以及蛋白质合成是通过经典的胰岛素信号级联反应来控制的。小干扰RNA（siRNA）的发现使得对胰岛素敏感组织中代谢和基因调控事件调节的关键成分进行分子剖析成为可能。将siRNA应用于人类来源的组织有助于对调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢的机制进行分子剖析。深入了解控制人体组织中胰岛素作用的途径可能有助于发现预防和治疗糖尿病的策略。本综述将重点关注使用siRNA来验证控制人类骨骼肌中胰岛素作用的关键调节因子，骨骼肌是控制全身胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取和代谢的重要关键器官。
