非编码RNA对2型糖尿病的影响：从分子机制到临床应用的全面综述

The impact of ncRNAs on type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive review covering molecular mechanisms to clinical applications.

作者信息

Amine Ikhanjal Mohamed, Salsabil Hamdi, Fadil Bakkali, Adnane Benmoussa, Khaoula Errafii

机构信息

Virology and Public Health Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca 20360, Morocco.

University Mohammed VI of Health and Sciences, Casablanca 82403, Morocco.

出版信息

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2025 Jul 17;36(3):102629. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102629. eCollection 2025 Sep 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102629

PMID:40777743

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12329536/

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder with rising global prevalence. This review examines the diverse roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in T2D, focusing on their involvement in key biological processes such as insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We explore how ncRNAs interact with known T2D risk genes and contribute to epigenetic regulation associated with disease progression. Particular attention is given to the emerging potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis and as targets for personalized therapeutic strategies. We also discuss current advances in modulating ncRNA expression, including findings from experimental models and clinical trials published between 1998 and 2025. Finally, the review considers how lifestyle factors and common comorbidities influence ncRNA expression, highlighting their wider implications in the context of T2D. Overall, the findings underscore the growing importance of ncRNAs in understanding, diagnosing, and treating T2D.

摘要

2型糖尿病（T2D）是一种全球患病率不断上升的复杂代谢紊乱疾病。本综述探讨了非编码RNA（ncRNAs）在T2D中的多种作用，重点关注它们在胰岛素信号传导、葡萄糖代谢、氧化应激和炎症等关键生物学过程中的参与情况。我们研究了ncRNAs如何与已知的T2D风险基因相互作用，并对与疾病进展相关的表观遗传调控产生影响。特别关注ncRNAs作为早期诊断生物标志物和个性化治疗策略靶点的新兴潜力。我们还讨论了调节ncRNA表达的当前进展，包括1998年至2025年间发表的实验模型和临床试验的研究结果。最后，本综述考虑了生活方式因素和常见合并症如何影响ncRNA表达，强调了它们在T2D背景下的更广泛影响。总体而言，这些发现强调了ncRNAs在理解、诊断和治疗T2D方面日益重要的作用。