Singh Gopal K, Kogan Michael D, Yu Stella M
Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.
J Community Health. 2009 Aug;34(4):271-81. doi: 10.1007/s10900-009-9148-6.
We examined the prevalence and socio-behavioral correlates of obesity and overweight among 46,707 immigrant and US-born children and adolescents aged 10-17 years. The 2003 National Survey of Children's Health was used to estimate obesity and overweight prevalence among children in 12 immigrant groups, stratified by race/ethnicity and generational status. Logistic regression was used to examine immigrant differentials in the prevalence and odds of obesity and overweight. Obesity and overweight prevalence varied from a low of 6 and 18% for second-generation Asian immigrants to a high of 24 and 42% for native-born black children (US-born black children with US-born parents), respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, perceived neighborhood safety, television viewing, computer use, and physical activity, first-generation immigrant children, overall, had 26% lower odds of obesity than native-born children. Obesity and overweight prevalence was lower for immigrant black and white children than their native-born counterparts, while obesity and overweight prevalence among Hispanic children did not vary significantly by generational status. Compared with native-born white children, the adjusted odds of obesity were 64% higher for native-born blacks, 55% higher for second-generation Hispanic immigrants, and 63% lower for first-generation Asian immigrants. Adjusted immigrant differentials in overweight risks were also marked. Socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors accounted for 61 and 35% of ethnic-immigrant disparities in obesity and overweight prevalence, respectively. Immigrant patterns in childhood obesity and overweight vary substantially by ethnicity and generational status. To reduce disparities, obesity prevention programs must target at-risk children of both immigrant and US-born parents.
我们调查了46707名10至17岁的移民儿童及美国本土出生的儿童和青少年中肥胖及超重的患病率及其社会行为相关因素。利用2003年全国儿童健康调查来估计12个移民群体中儿童肥胖及超重的患病率，并按种族/族裔和代际状况进行分层。采用逻辑回归分析来研究肥胖及超重患病率和患病几率方面的移民差异。肥胖及超重患病率各不相同，第二代亚洲移民中肥胖及超重患病率分别低至6%和18%，而美国本土出生的黑人儿童（父母均为美国本土出生的黑人儿童）中则高达24%和42%。在对年龄、性别、种族、社会经济地位、对邻里安全的感知、看电视时间、使用电脑时间和体育活动进行调整后，总体而言，第一代移民儿童肥胖的几率比美国本土出生的儿童低26%。移民中的黑人和白人儿童肥胖及超重患病率低于美国本土出生的同龄人，而西班牙裔儿童的肥胖及超重患病率在代际状况方面没有显著差异。与美国本土出生的白人儿童相比，美国本土出生的黑人肥胖的调整后几率高64%，第二代西班牙裔移民高55% , 第一代亚洲移民低63%。超重风险方面经调整后的移民差异也很明显。社会经济、人口统计学和行为因素分别占肥胖及超重患病率中种族 - 移民差异的61%和35%。儿童肥胖和超重的移民模式因种族和代际状况而有很大差异。为了减少差异，肥胖预防项目必须针对父母一方为移民一方为美国本土出生的高危儿童。
