Montez Jennifer Karas, Eschbach Karl
Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, G1800, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Mar;108(3):473-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.12.008.
Previous research on the relationship between diet and acculturation among Hispanics has produced inconsistent results. This study examined the association between diet, country of birth, and a language acculturation scale among Mexican-American women.
The study used a cross-sectional design with data from the 2000 National Health Interview Survey and its Cancer Control Module. The module was administered to one adult per household and included 17 dietary intake questions.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Subjects were 1,245 nonpregnant women of Mexican descent between 25 and 64 years of age residing in the United States who were interviewed in their homes.
Least-squares regression with sampling weights and adjustment of standard errors for survey design effects was used to estimate the associations between country of birth, language acculturation, and percent energy from fat, intake of fiber, and intake of fruits and vegetables, with statistical control for age, education, and marital status.
In multivariate models, US-born women consumed fewer grams of fiber per day (beta=-2.44; P<0.01) and a larger percentage of energy from fat (beta=2.06; P<0.01) than Mexican-born women. Greater English language use was associated with decreased consumption of fiber (P<0.01), and a decline in fruit and vegetable intake with a greater decline for US-born (P<0.10).
Acculturation is associated with several unfavorable dietary changes. Women who were born in the United States are at greater risk of declining dietary quality compared to Mexican-born women, and US-born English-speaking women have more unfavorable dietary profiles. Research and public health education concerning dietary intake should consider both country of birth and language.
先前关于西班牙裔人群饮食与文化适应之间关系的研究结果并不一致。本研究调查了墨西哥裔美国女性的饮食、出生国家和语言文化适应量表之间的关联。
本研究采用横断面设计，数据来自2000年国家健康访谈调查及其癌症控制模块。该模块对每户一名成年人进行调查，包括17个饮食摄入量问题。
研究对象/背景：研究对象为1245名年龄在25至64岁之间、居住在美国、在家中接受访谈的墨西哥裔非孕妇女性。
使用加权最小二乘法回归，并对调查设计效应的标准误差进行调整，以估计出生国家、语言文化适应与脂肪能量百分比、纤维摄入量以及水果和蔬菜摄入量之间的关联，并对年龄、教育程度和婚姻状况进行统计控制。
在多变量模型中，与出生在墨西哥的女性相比，在美国出生的女性每天摄入的纤维克数更少（β=-2.44；P<0.01），来自脂肪的能量百分比更高（β=2.06；P<0.01）。更多地使用英语与纤维摄入量减少相关（P<0.01），水果和蔬菜摄入量下降，在美国出生的女性下降幅度更大（P<0.10）。
文化适应与一些不良的饮食变化有关。与出生在墨西哥的女性相比，在美国出生的女性饮食质量下降的风险更大，在美国出生且说英语的女性饮食状况更不理想。关于饮食摄入的研究和公共卫生教育应同时考虑出生国家和语言因素。
