Vogl Laura, Teesson Maree, Andrews Gavin, Bird Kevin, Steadman Bronwyn, Dillon Paul
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Addiction. 2009 Apr;104(4):564-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02510.x.
Hazardous alcohol use is a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults world-wide, yet few effective prevention interventions exist. This study was the first to examine a computerized harm minimization intervention to reduce alcohol misuse and related harms in adolescents.
Cluster randomized controlled trial of a six-session curriculum-integrated harm minimization prevention program. The intervention was delivered by computer in the form of a teenage drama, which provided education through alcohol-related scenarios to which young people could relate.
Schools in Australia.
A total of 1466 year 8 students (13 years) from 16 high schools in Australia were allocated randomly to a computerized prevention program (n = 611, eight schools) or usual classes (n = 855, eight schools).
Change in knowledge, alcohol use, alcohol-related harms and alcohol expectancies.
A computerized prevention program was more effective than usual classes in increasing alcohol-related knowledge of facts that would inform safer drinking choices and decreasing the positive social expectations which students believed alcohol may afford. For females it was effective in decreasing average alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harms and the frequency of drinking to excess (more than four standard drinks; 10 g ethanol). For males the behavioural effects were not significant.
A harm minimization approach is effective in educating young people about alcohol-related risks and is effective in reducing risky drinking and harms among girls. Reduction of problems among boys remains a challenge.
有害饮酒是全球青少年和青年死亡的主要原因之一，但有效的预防干预措施却很少。本研究首次探讨了一种计算机化的危害最小化干预措施，以减少青少年的酒精滥用及相关危害。
一项针对六节课程整合的危害最小化预防项目的整群随机对照试验。干预通过计算机以青少年戏剧的形式进行，通过与酒精相关的场景提供教育，年轻人能够产生共鸣。
澳大利亚的学校。
来自澳大利亚16所高中的1466名八年级学生（13岁）被随机分配到计算机化预防项目组（n = 611，8所学校）或常规班级组（n = 855，8所学校）。
知识、酒精使用、酒精相关危害及酒精预期的变化。
计算机化预防项目在增加与酒精相关的知识（这些知识有助于做出更安全的饮酒选择）以及降低学生认为酒精可能带来的积极社会预期方面，比常规班级更有效。对于女性，该项目在降低平均酒精消费量、酒精相关危害以及过量饮酒频率（超过四标准杯；10克乙醇）方面有效。对于男性，行为效果不显著。
危害最小化方法在教育年轻人了解酒精相关风险方面是有效的，并且在减少女孩的危险饮酒和危害方面也有效。减少男孩中的问题仍然是一个挑战。
