Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2009 May;33(5):559-67. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.51. Epub 2009 Mar 31.
To study genetic and environmental factors affecting body mass index (BMI) and BMI phenotypic correlations across adolescence.
Prospective, population-based, twin cohort study.
We used twin modeling in 2413 monozygotic and same-sex and opposite-sex dizygotic Finnish twin pairs born in 1983-1987 and assessed using self-report questionnaires at 11-12, 14 and 17 years of age.
Heritability of BMI was estimated to be 0.58-0.69 among 11-12- and 14-year-old boys and girls, 0.83 among 17-year-old boys and 0.74 among 17-year-old girls. Common environmental effects shared by siblings were 0.15-0.24 among 11-12- and 14-year-old boys and girls but no longer discernible at 17 years of age. Unique environmental effects were 0.15-0.23. Additive genetic factors explained 90-96% of the BMI phenotypic correlations across adolescence, whereas unique environmental factors explained the rest. Common environment had no effect on BMI phenotypic correlations.
The genetic contribution to BMI is strong during adolescence, and it mainly explains BMI phenotypic correlations across adolescence. Common environmental factors have an effect on BMI during early adolescence, but that effect disappears by late adolescence.
研究影响体重指数 (BMI) 的遗传和环境因素，以及 BMI 表型相关性在整个青春期的变化。
前瞻性、基于人群的双胞胎队列研究。
我们使用双胞胎模型对 1983 年至 1987 年出生的 2413 对同卵和同性别、异性别双生子进行了研究，并在 11-12 岁、14 岁和 17 岁时使用自我报告问卷进行评估。
11-12 岁和 14 岁男孩和女孩的 BMI 遗传度估计为 0.58-0.69，17 岁男孩的遗传度为 0.83，17 岁女孩的遗传度为 0.74。11-12 岁和 14 岁男孩和女孩中，兄弟姐妹之间共同的环境影响为 0.15-0.24，但在 17 岁时已无法分辨。独特的环境影响为 0.15-0.23。加性遗传因素解释了青春期 BMI 表型相关性的 90-96%，而独特的环境因素则解释了其余部分。共同环境对 BMI 表型相关性没有影响。
遗传因素对青春期 BMI 的影响较强，主要解释了青春期 BMI 表型相关性的变化。共同环境因素对青少年早期的 BMI 有影响，但这种影响在青春期后期消失。
