Fobair Patricia, Stearns Naomi Noni, Christ Grace, Dozier-Hall Deborah, Newman Nancy W, Zabora James, Schnipper Hester Hill, Kennedy Vicki, Loscalzo Matthew, Stensland Susan M, Hedlund Susan, Lauria Marie M, Fife Michael, Herschl Joyce, Marcusen Carol P, Vaitones Virginia, Brintzenhofeszoc Karlynn, Walsh Katherine, Lawson Kimberly, Desonier Marcia
Stanford University Hospital, Cancer Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
J Psychosoc Oncol. 2009;27(2):155-215. doi: 10.1080/07347330902775301.
As the Association of Oncology Social Work celebrates its 25th year, we pause to reflect on the many historical threads that contributed to its development and hear from each of the presidents who helped create the organization, as we know it today. Set within hospitals, medical social work was born in the early 20th century. In the 1940s medical social work became necessary for hospital accreditation. Two additional historical shifts, one in medical improvements in treating cancer, the other a shift to a consumer-oriented American Cancer Society, contributed to the push for a greater role for the federal government in funding cancer research. Oncology social work came to full blossom in the 1970s, a result of the physicians' need for a member of the health care team who understood cancer, its treatment, and the patient's need to address his or her psychosocial needs resulting from cancer. Today, oncology social work is a fully developed profession with a national organization providing education and support to oncology social workers' in their use of psychosocial interventions and research in behalf of cancer patients and their families.
随着肿瘤社会工作协会迎来成立25周年，我们停下来回顾促成其发展的诸多历史脉络，并聆听每一位曾助力创建我们如今所知的这个组织的会长的讲述。医学社会工作诞生于20世纪初的医院环境中。在20世纪40年代，医学社会工作成为医院认证的必要条件。另外两个历史转变，一个是癌症治疗方面的医学进步，另一个是向以消费者为导向的美国癌症协会的转变，推动联邦政府在资助癌症研究方面发挥更大作用。肿瘤社会工作在20世纪70年代全面兴起，这是由于医生需要医疗团队中有成员了解癌症、其治疗方法以及患者应对癌症引发的心理社会需求的必要性。如今，肿瘤社会工作已成为一个完全成熟的专业领域，有一个全国性组织为肿瘤社会工作者提供教育和支持，助力他们为癌症患者及其家属运用心理社会干预措施并开展相关研究。
