Roche Martin, O'Loughlin Padhraig F, Kendoff Daniel, Musahl Volker, Pearle Andrew D
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.
Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2009 Feb;38(2 Suppl):10-5.
The goals of computer-assisted surgery (CAS) are to be patient-specific, minimally invasive, and quantitative. CAS can involve preoperative imaging and planning, intraoperative execution, and postoperative evaluation. Ideally, these components are integrated such that sophisticated diagnostic technologies are used to inform a patient-specific surgical plan. A recently developed CAS/robotic system has the potential to improve alignment in and results of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. This new robot is "semiactive"; that is, the surgeon retains ultimate control of the procedure while benefiting from robotic guidance within target zones and boundaries. Surgeons who use the robotic arm-assisted technique described in this article can prepare and then precisely execute a patient-specific computed-tomography-based operative plan. The surgical field is predefined, and the active constraints used by the robotic arm eliminate inadvertent deviation outside this field, thus minimizing iatrogenic morbidity and maximizing bone preservation. In this article, we detail the preoperative planning and intraoperative technique for robotic arm-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.
计算机辅助手术（CAS）的目标是针对特定患者、微创且定量。CAS可包括术前成像与规划、术中执行以及术后评估。理想情况下，这些组成部分相互整合，以便使用先进的诊断技术来制定针对特定患者的手术方案。最近开发的一种CAS/机器人系统有可能改善单髁膝关节置换术的对线情况及手术效果。这种新型机器人是“半主动式”的；也就是说，外科医生在手术过程中保留最终控制权，同时在目标区域和边界内受益于机器人的引导。使用本文所述机器人手臂辅助技术的外科医生能够制定并精确执行基于患者特定计算机断层扫描的手术方案。手术区域是预先确定的，机器人手臂使用的主动约束可消除手术区域外的意外偏差，从而将医源性发病率降至最低，并最大限度地保留骨质。在本文中，我们详细介绍了机器人手臂辅助单髁膝关节置换术的术前规划和术中技术。
