Department of Neurology, Hôpital Lariboisiere, Assistance Pulique-Hôpitaux de Paris and Université Paris VII, Paris, France.
J Neuroimaging. 2010 Jul;20(3):213-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00370.x. Epub 2009 Mar 24.
Various neurological disorders have been shown to accelerate the natural course of brain volume loss during normal aging. Recent data suggest that brain atrophy is prominent in various cerebrovascular disorders. Studies of the effects of different cerebrovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers and of the effects of various vascular risk factors on the cerebral volume have been analyzed.
A significant association between white matter hyperintensities and cerebral atrophy has been reported in population-based studies. However, these results remain controversial since they have not yet been confirmed in longitudinal studies. The association between lacunar infarctions and cerebral atrophy was only rarely investigated. This was also true for cerebral microbleeds. In contrast, different data suggest that brain atrophy is associated with elevated blood pressure values or hyperglycemia, independent of the occurrence of extension of visible MRI markers of vascular lesions.
Additional studies are needed to determine the exact impact of vascular risk factors or other cerebrovascular lesions seen on MRI on the course of cerebral atrophy. In the future, new MRI markers may help to better delineate the role of focal tissue lesions from that of diffuse effects of vascular risk factors on the cerebral atrophy process.
各种神经疾病已被证明可加速正常衰老过程中脑容量的自然丧失。最近的数据表明，脑萎缩在各种脑血管疾病中很明显。已经分析了不同脑血管磁共振成像（MRI）标志物的作用以及各种血管危险因素对脑容量的影响的研究。
在基于人群的研究中，已经报道了脑白质高信号与脑萎缩之间存在显著关联。然而，由于这些结果尚未在纵向研究中得到证实，因此这些结果仍存在争议。腔隙性梗死与脑萎缩之间的关联很少被研究。脑微出血也是如此。相比之下，不同的数据表明，脑萎缩与血压升高或高血糖有关，而与血管病变的可见 MRI 标志物的扩展无关。
需要进一步研究以确定血管危险因素或 MRI 上所见的其他脑血管病变对脑萎缩过程的确切影响。将来，新的 MRI 标志物可能有助于更好地区分局灶性组织病变与血管危险因素对脑萎缩过程的弥漫性影响的作用。
