Falqueto Aloísio, Ferreira Adelson L, dos Santos Claudiney B, Porrozzi Renato, da Costa Marcos V Santos, Teva Antonio, Cupolillo Elisa, Campos-Neto Antonio, Grimaldi Gabriel
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Apr;80(4):559-65.
In an endemic rural area of southeast Brazil, surveys confirmed that dogs serve as peridomestic reservoirs of Leishmania infantum. It is likely that the lack of efficient control is because presently used diagnostic tests miss positive dogs. Overall, 57% of the dogs had specific antibodies, but the canine infection was not uniformly fatal and many seropositive dogs remained asymptomatic or even spontaneously recovered. Furthermore, 42% of the human residents became leishmanin-positive reactors and 47% had positive serology at the initial survey, but our estimates also point at a high recovery rate among the infected population with time. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to Leishmania was a good indicator of resistance to infection in this particular epidemiologic situation. The lack of any significant differences in infection rates by gender or age indicate that all of the population was at an equal risk of infection and most people were infected in the peridomestic setting.
在巴西东南部一个地方性流行的农村地区，调查证实狗是婴儿利什曼原虫的家周宿主。缺乏有效控制措施可能是因为目前使用的诊断测试会遗漏阳性犬只。总体而言，57%的狗有特异性抗体，但犬类感染并非都会致命，许多血清阳性犬只仍无症状，甚至能自发康复。此外，42%的居民成为利什曼原虫阳性反应者，47%在初次调查时血清学呈阳性，但我们的估计也表明随着时间推移，感染人群的康复率很高。在这种特定的流行病学情况下，对利什曼原虫的迟发型超敏反应（DTH）是抵抗感染的良好指标。按性别或年龄划分的感染率没有任何显著差异，这表明所有人群感染风险均等，且大多数人是在居家环境中被感染的。
