Skodova Zuzana, Nagyova Iveta, van Dijk Jitse P, Sudzinova Adriana, Vargova Helena, Rosenberger Jaroslav, Middel Berrie, Studencan Martin, Reijneveld Sijmen A
Jessenius Medical Faculty in Martin, Comenius University, Department of non- medical studies, Martin, 03608 Slovakia.
Int J Public Health. 2009;54(4):233-40. doi: 10.1007/s00038-009-7086-9.
The aim of this article is to explore socioeconomic inequalities in the psychological characteristics (psychological well-being, perceived mental health status) and perceived quality of life among cardiac patients.
A structured interview was conducted with 362 patients (32% women, mean age 56 +/- 7.3 years) referred for coronary angiography. The GHQ-28 was used to measure psychological well-being, the SF-36 for perceived mental health status. Income and education indicated socioeconomic position. Logistic regressions were employed, adjusted for age, gender, functional status and severity of disease.
Patients with low income or education had a higher probability of having poor psychological well-being compared to participants with high income or education (OR 5.5,CI 2.32-12.80; OR 3.1,CI 1.52-6.37 resp.), and were also more likely to have worse mental health status (OR2.9,CI 1.02-8.51;OR 4.8,CI 1.36-16.99 resp.), and low quality of life (OR 2.9,CI 1.02-8.51; OR 4.8,CI 1.36-16.99 resp.).
Socioeconomic status was found to be negatively associated with the psychological outcomes and quality of life among cardiac patients. Socioeconomic inequalities should be taken into account when designing suitably-adapted interventions focusing on psychosocial factors among cardiac patients.
本文旨在探讨心脏病患者在心理特征（心理健康、感知心理健康状况）和感知生活质量方面的社会经济不平等现象。
对362名因冠状动脉造影而转诊的患者（32%为女性，平均年龄56±7.3岁）进行了结构化访谈。使用一般健康问卷28项（GHQ - 28）来测量心理健康状况，使用简明健康调查问卷（SF - 36）来测量感知心理健康状况。收入和教育程度表明社会经济地位。采用逻辑回归分析，并对年龄、性别、功能状态和疾病严重程度进行了调整。
与高收入或高学历参与者相比，低收入或低学历患者心理健康状况较差的可能性更高（分别为OR 5.5，CI 2.32 - 12.80；OR 3.1，CI 1.52 - 6.37），心理健康状态较差的可能性也更高（分别为OR 2.9，CI 1.02 - 8.51；OR 4.8，CI 1.36 - 16.99），生活质量较低的可能性也更高（分别为OR 2.9，CI 1.02 - 8.51；OR 4.8，CI 1.36 - 16.99）。
研究发现社会经济地位与心脏病患者的心理结果和生活质量呈负相关。在设计针对心脏病患者心理社会因素的适当干预措施时，应考虑社会经济不平等现象。
