Arbib Michael A, Bonaiuto James B, Jacobs Stéphane, Frey Scott H
Department of Computer Science and Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2520, USA.
Psychol Res. 2009 Jul;73(4):441-62. doi: 10.1007/s00426-009-0242-2. Epub 2009 Apr 4.
We review recent neurophysiological data from macaques and humans suggesting that the use of tools extends the internal representation of the actor's hand, and relate it to our modeling of the visual control of grasping. We introduce the idea that, in addition to extending the body schema to incorporate the tool, tool use involves distalization of the end-effector from hand to tool. Different tools extend the body schema in different ways, with a displaced visual target and a novel, task-specific processing of haptic feedback to the hand. This distalization is critical in order to exploit the unique functional capacities engendered by complex tools.
我们回顾了最近来自猕猴和人类的神经生理学数据，这些数据表明工具的使用扩展了行动者手部的内部表征，并将其与我们对抓握视觉控制的建模联系起来。我们提出这样一种观点，即除了扩展身体图式以纳入工具外，工具的使用还涉及将末端执行器从手部转移到工具上。不同的工具以不同的方式扩展身体图式，伴随着视觉目标的位移以及对手部触觉反馈的新颖的、特定任务的处理。这种转移对于利用复杂工具所产生的独特功能能力至关重要。
