Stanford University, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Division of Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2009 May;8(3):357-71. doi: 10.1517/14740330902840519.
Influenza infection is a global problem affecting millions of people worldwide, despite efficacious vaccines. Treatment and prophylaxis against influenza have been successful using antiviral medications such as adamantanes and neuraminidase inhibitors.
To review the antiviral agents and specifically the neuraminidase inhibitor, oseltamivir, for use in treatment and prophylaxis of influenza infection.
This review focuses on published literature regarding the clinical use of oseltamivir, as well as discussing emerging threats such as avian influenza, antiviral resistance, and strategies such as combination antiviral treatment to mitigate these threats.
Oseltamivir is effective in reducing symptom burden in those with influenza A or B infection, and is preventative against developing infection after exposure. Emergence of naturally occurring or post-treatment oseltamivir-resistant influenza as well as an avian influenza pandemic may limit its future use as a monotherapeutic antiviral treatment agent.
尽管有有效的疫苗，但流感感染仍是一个影响全球数百万人的全球性问题。使用抗病毒药物（如金刚烷胺和神经氨酸酶抑制剂）已成功治疗和预防流感。
综述抗病毒药物，特别是神经氨酸酶抑制剂奥司他韦，用于治疗和预防流感感染。
本综述重点关注有关奥司他韦临床应用的已发表文献，并讨论了新出现的威胁，如禽流感、抗病毒药物耐药性以及联合抗病毒治疗等策略，以减轻这些威胁。
奥司他韦可有效减轻甲型或乙型流感感染者的症状负担，并且可预防接触后感染。自然发生或治疗后出现的奥司他韦耐药性流感以及禽流感大流行可能会限制其未来作为单一抗病毒治疗药物的使用。
