Reed Matthew P, Sochor Mark M, Rupp Jonathan D, Klinich Kathleen D, Manary Miriam A
University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, 48109-2150, USA.
J Biomech. 2009 May 29;42(8):1143-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.02.019. Epub 2009 Apr 7.
The pelves of the child dummies of the widely used Hybrid-III family are based on minimal data from children. Because an accurate pelvis design is critical for realistic assessments of belt restraint interactions, an analysis of medical imaging data was conducted to develop guidance for improved pelvis design. Three-dimensional polygonal meshes of the bony pelvis were generated from computed tomography (CT) data from 81 children from ages 5 to 11. After aligning to a uniform anatomical coordinate system, the meshes were resampled to create a quadrilateral mesh with 12,960 vertices for each pelvis. A principal components analysis was conducted with the mesh vertex coordinates and the locations of 31 landmarks. Over 99% of the variance in size and shape was accounted for by the first 40 components. A three-dimensional model representing the target for a new dummy pelvis was developed using bispinous breadth as the predictor variable. To obtain the appropriate geometry for the six-year-old (6YO) and 10YO Hybrid-III dummies, a regression analysis was conducted using a large sample of child anthropometry data from a previous study to obtain a target dimension for bispinous breadth, using the design stature for each dummy as input. A separate regression analysis was conducted to predict principal component scores from bispinous breadth. Reconstructing a pelvis model from the principal components scores predicted for the target bispinous breadth values yielded a three-dimensional design target for the each dummy. The new pelvis target is similar in overall size to the current pelvis components, but the location of the anterior-superior iliac spine is markedly lower, which has important implications for belt interaction.
广泛使用的Hybrid-III系列儿童假人的骨盆是基于极少的儿童数据设计的。由于精确的骨盆设计对于安全带约束相互作用的真实评估至关重要，因此对医学影像数据进行了分析，以制定改进骨盆设计的指导原则。从81名5至11岁儿童的计算机断层扫描（CT）数据中生成了骨盆骨骼的三维多边形网格。在对齐到统一的解剖坐标系后，对网格进行重新采样，为每个骨盆创建一个具有12960个顶点的四边形网格。对网格顶点坐标和31个地标点的位置进行了主成分分析。前40个成分解释了超过99%的大小和形状变化。以双棘间宽度作为预测变量，开发了一个代表新假人骨盆目标的三维模型。为了获得6岁（6YO）和10岁Hybrid-III假人的合适几何形状，使用先前研究中的大量儿童人体测量数据样本进行回归分析，以双棘间宽度作为目标尺寸，将每个假人的设计身高作为输入。进行了单独的回归分析，以从双棘间宽度预测主成分得分。根据预测的目标双棘间宽度值的主成分得分重建骨盆模型，为每个假人生成了三维设计目标。新的骨盆目标在整体尺寸上与当前的骨盆部件相似，但髂前上棘的位置明显更低，这对安全带相互作用具有重要意义。
