Holland Jennifer J, Roberts Diana, Liscum Emmanuel
Division of Biological Sciences, 109 Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
J Exp Bot. 2009;60(7):1969-78. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp113. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
Few individuals have had the lasting impact on such a breadth of science as Charles Darwin. While his writings about time aboard the HMS Beagle, his study of the Galapagos islands (geology, fauna, and flora), and his theories on evolution are well known, less appreciated are his studies on plant growth responses to a variety of environmental stimuli. In fact, Darwin, together with the help of his botanist son Francis, left us an entire book, 'The power of movements in plants', describing his many, varied, and insightful observations on this topic. Darwin's findings have provided an impetus for an entire field of study, the study of plant tropic responses, or differential growth (curvature) of plant organs in response to directional stimuli. One tropic response that has received a great deal of attention is the phototropic response, or curvature response to directional light. This review summarizes many of the most significant advancements that have been made in our understanding of this response and place these recent findings in the context of Darwin's initial observations.
很少有人能像查尔斯·达尔文那样，对如此广泛的科学领域产生持久的影响。虽然他关于乘坐 HMS 小猎犬号航行期间的著作、对加拉帕戈斯群岛的研究（地质学、动物群和植物群）以及他的进化论广为人知，但他对植物对各种环境刺激的生长反应的研究却较少受到关注。事实上，达尔文在他植物学家儿子弗朗西斯的帮助下，留给我们一整本关于“植物的运动能力”的书，描述了他在这个主题上众多、多样且有深刻见解的观察结果。达尔文的发现为一个完整的研究领域——植物向性反应的研究，即植物器官对定向刺激的差异生长（弯曲）研究，提供了动力。一种受到大量关注的向性反应是向光性反应，即对定向光的弯曲反应。这篇综述总结了我们对这种反应的理解中取得的许多最重要的进展，并将这些最新发现置于达尔文最初观察结果的背景下。
