Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, centre Koyré, Paris, France.
C R Biol. 2010 Feb;333(2):107-11. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2009.11.010. Epub 2010 Feb 9.
The role of movement in plants was unrecognised for a long time, due to the relative slowness of such movements by comparison with those of active animals such as insects and vertebrates, and to the difficulty with which they are distinguished from mere growth processes. Given this, the pioneer work of Darwin (On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants1865) is a milestone in botany. It is always cited as the beginning of any rigorous analysis of plant movement. Such a successful approach results at once from Darwin's broad knowledge of natural history, his use of numerous direct observations and simple experiments, but also from his own talent, which compensated for technical gaps in several instances. His use of metaphorical descriptions was a response to the lack of a firm theoretical background. It facilitated a preliminary classification of plant movement and a comparison of observations. Perhaps his most fruitful metaphors were those drawn from economic concepts, such as division of labour. Darwin's legacy in plant physiology is impressive, as even the most recent biophysical interpretations of climbing plants (e.g. tendril perversion) take place inside the framework he constructed.
植物运动的作用长期以来未被认识，这是因为与昆虫和脊椎动物等活动动物相比，植物运动相对缓慢，而且难以将其与单纯的生长过程区分开来。鉴于此，达尔文的开创性工作（《攀援植物的运动和习性》，1865 年）是植物学的一个里程碑。它始终被引述为任何对植物运动进行严格分析的开端。这种成功的方法源于达尔文对自然历史的广泛了解，他使用了大量的直接观察和简单的实验，也源于他自己的才能，在某些情况下弥补了技术差距。他使用隐喻性描述是对缺乏坚实理论背景的回应。它促进了植物运动的初步分类和观察比较。也许他最富有成效的隐喻是来自经济概念的隐喻，例如劳动分工。达尔文在植物生理学方面的遗产令人印象深刻，即使是对攀援植物的最新生物物理解释（例如卷须变态）也是在他构建的框架内进行的。
