Cavanna Andrea Eugenio, Servo Serena, Monaco Francesco, Robertson Mary May
Sobell Department of Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009 Winter;21(1):13-23. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2009.21.1.13.
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of multiple motor and one or more vocal/phonic tics. Tourette's syndrome is increasingly recognized as a common neuropsychiatric disorder usually diagnosed in early childhood, and comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders occur in approximately 90% of patients; the most common of these are attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depression is also common, with a lifetime risk of 10% of patients. Moreover, a high prevalence of personality disorders has been reported in preliminary investigations on Tourette's syndrome populations. This paper provides an updated review of the literature on the multifaceted phenotype of Tourette's syndrome, with special attention to the behavioral problems and the relationship between Tourette's syndrome and comorbid neuropsychiatric conditions. The issue of whether Tourette's syndrome should still be considered as a unitary nosological entity is also addressed.
Gilles de la Tourette综合征是一种神经发育障碍，由多种运动性抽动和一种或多种发声/语音抽动组成。Tourette综合征越来越被认为是一种常见的神经精神障碍，通常在幼儿期被诊断出来，约90%的患者会出现共病神经精神障碍；其中最常见的是注意力缺陷多动障碍和强迫症。抑郁症也很常见，患者终生患病风险为10%。此外，在对Tourette综合征人群的初步调查中，报告了人格障碍的高患病率。本文对Tourette综合征多方面表型的文献进行了更新综述，特别关注行为问题以及Tourette综合征与共病神经精神状况之间的关系。本文还探讨了Tourette综合征是否仍应被视为一个单一的疾病实体这一问题。
