Yu Liping, Xu Hui, Jiang Zhongliang, Yang Hanxue, Cui Yonghua, Li Ying
Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children Healthy, Beijing, China.
Big Data Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Dec 5;15:1397766. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1397766. eCollection 2024.
Tic disorder, a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that typically onsets during childhood, is characterized by sudden, involuntary, rapid, and non-rhythmic motor and vocal tics. Individuals with tic disorders often experience physical health issues. The purpose of our retrospective analysis was to elucidate the common comorbid physical diseases and mental disorders and their characteristics of outpatient children with tic disorders in a large public children's hospital in China over the past 5 years.
Participants were outpatients with tic disorders who visited Beijing Children's Hospital, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. After the inclusion screening, a total of 523,462 patient visits were included in the analysis. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic system, we employed descriptive statistical analysis to examine the frequently co-occurring somatic diseases in patients with tic disorders, as well as the influence of variables such as age and seasonal variation on these comorbidities.
The top five diseases of total outpatient visits were as follows: Respiratory diseases, Mental and behavioral disorders, Diseases of the eye and adnexal, Digestive disorders, Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Among the top five comorbid disease system, the most commonly third- level classification of diseases were upper respiratory tract infections, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, conjunctivitis, dyspepsia, dermatitis. Respiratory system diseases experienced a peak in April, while the other four types of diseases reached their peak in August. Additionally, each disease system showed the lowest number of patient visits in February. Additional to the mental and behavioral disorders, the other four disease systems would experience a peak in medical visits between the ages of 4 and 6.
Our study highlighted the most common physical diseases and mental disorders in tic disorders, namely the respiratory diseases, specifically upper respiratory tract infections, and mental and behavioral disorders, with ADHD being the most common co-occurring condition.
抽动障碍是一种慢性神经发育障碍，通常在儿童期发病，其特征为突然、不自主、快速且无节律的运动性和发声性抽动。患有抽动障碍的个体常伴有身体健康问题。我们进行回顾性分析的目的是阐明中国一家大型公立儿童医院过去5年门诊抽动障碍患儿常见的共患躯体疾病和精神障碍及其特征。
研究对象为2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间在北京儿童医院就诊的抽动障碍门诊患者。经过纳入筛查，共523462例次就诊纳入分析。基于国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）诊断系统，我们采用描述性统计分析来研究抽动障碍患者中经常共患的躯体疾病，以及年龄和季节变化等变量对这些共患病的影响。
门诊就诊总量排名前五的疾病如下：呼吸系统疾病、精神和行为障碍、眼及附属器疾病、消化系统疾病、皮肤和皮下组织疾病。在排名前五的共患疾病系统中，最常见的三级疾病分类为上呼吸道感染、注意力缺陷多动障碍、结膜炎、消化不良、皮炎。呼吸系统疾病在4月就诊量达到峰值，而其他四类疾病在8月达到峰值。此外，每个疾病系统在2月的就诊量最少。除精神和行为障碍外，其他四个疾病系统在4至6岁之间就诊量会出现峰值。
我们的研究突出了抽动障碍中最常见的躯体疾病和精神障碍，即呼吸系统疾病，特别是上呼吸道感染，以及精神和行为障碍，其中注意力缺陷多动障碍是最常见的共患疾病。
