Wolf K W, Bastmeyer M
Institut für Biologie der Medizinischen Universität zu Lübeck, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
Eur J Cell Biol. 1991 Aug;55(2):225-37.
The structural transformations of the microtubule cytoskeleton during eupyrene meiosis were characterized in the Mediterranean mealmoth, Ephestia kuehniella. Anti-tubulin immunofluorescence was used in two strains, L and Sbr, of this species. In addition, living primary eupyrene spermatocytes from strain L were observed with phase-contrast light microscopy, and metaphase I spermatocytes were studied with the electron microscope. The analysis did not reveal strain-specific differences in the behavior of the chromatin and the microtubule cytoskeleton in eupyrene meiosis. The general pattern of the two subsequent meiotic divisions in Ephestia kuehniella did not deviate from that observed during nuclear division in other species. A bipolar spindle developed during prophase, chromatin migrated towards the poles in anaphase, and spindle elongation occurred in telophase. Spindle development and behavior were qualitatively almost identical in primary and secondary spermatocytes. The assembly of the second meiotic spindle was initiated during the depolymerization of interzone microtubules of the first division. The relationship between spindle microtubules and centrosomes, however, showed some particularities in the moth. While microtubules radiated out from the spindle poles in late prophase, most microtubules ended about half-way between the equatorial plane and the spindle poles from late prometaphase to early anaphase. The termination of most microtubules distant from the poles was confirmed using electron microscopy in Ephestia kuehniella and using anti-tubulin immunofluorescence in two other Lepidoptera species, Inachis io and Orgyia antiqua. The microtubules were oriented parallel to the pole-to-pole axis of the spindle and were confined to an area laterally sheath by membrane layers. The spindle portions between the pole-proximal termini of the microtubules and the spindle poles contained irregularly shaped membrane elements. In late anaphase, microtubules reform between the migrating chromatin plates and the spindle poles. Concomitantly with the migration of the chromosomes towards the spindle poles, interzone microtubules are assembled. The origin of most of them appears to be at the pole-distal face of the chromatin masses.
在地中海粉斑螟（Ephestia kuehniella）中对真核减数分裂过程中微管细胞骨架的结构转变进行了表征。在该物种的两个品系L和Sbr中使用了抗微管蛋白免疫荧光法。此外，用相差光学显微镜观察了来自品系L的活的初级真核精母细胞，并用电子显微镜研究了减数第一次分裂中期的精母细胞。分析未发现真核减数分裂中染色质和微管细胞骨架行为的品系特异性差异。Ephestia kuehniella随后两次减数分裂的一般模式与在其他物种核分裂过程中观察到的模式没有偏差。在前期形成双极纺锤体，后期染色质向两极迁移，末期纺锤体伸长。初级和次级精母细胞中纺锤体的发育和行为在质量上几乎相同。第二次减数分裂纺锤体的组装在第一次分裂中间区微管解聚期间开始。然而，纺锤体微管与中心体之间的关系在蛾类中表现出一些特殊性。虽然在前期后期微管从纺锤体极辐射出来，但从 prometaphase后期到后期早期，大多数微管在赤道平面和纺锤体极之间的中途结束。在Ephestia kuehniella中使用电子显微镜以及在另外两种鳞翅目物种Inachis io和Orgyia antiqua中使用抗微管蛋白免疫荧光法证实了大多数远离极的微管的终止。微管平行于纺锤体的极到极轴定向，并被膜层横向包裹在一个区域内。微管极近端末端与纺锤体极之间的纺锤体部分包含形状不规则的膜元件。在后期后期，微管在迁移的染色质板和纺锤体极之间重新形成。伴随着染色体向纺锤体极的迁移，中间区微管组装。它们中的大多数似乎起源于染色质块的极远端表面。
