Keles Coskun Nigar, Arican Ramazan Yavuz, Utuk Arzu, Ozcanli Haluk, Sindel Timur
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, Turkey.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2009 Nov;31(9):675-9. doi: 10.1007/s00276-009-0502-2. Epub 2009 Apr 15.
Accessory ossicles are the skeletal variations of the ankle and foot that can cause painful syndromes. The accessory navicular bone is one of the most common accessory ossicle of the foot (4-21%) and is also known as os tibiale, os tibiale externum and os naviculare secundarium. This bone can be adjacent to the posteromedial tuberosity of the navicular bone or can be separated and may cause various diseases in the foot and mimic fractures of foot bones. The aim of this study was to document a detailed investigation of incidence and types of accessory navicular bones of Turkish subjects according to sex in both extremities. The accessory navicular bone was detected (11%) via the posterior-anterior radiographs of 650 subjects in the radiological examination. The incidences of accessory navicular bones were identified as 6.1-4.9% in female and male participants. Accessory navicular bones were classified into three groups as Type I, Type II and Type III and the incidences of these bones were determined as 3.3, 3.1, 4.6%, respectively. Each group was also divided into subgroups. The incidences of the subgroups are as Type Ia 0.6%, Type Ib 1.5%, Type Ic 1.2%, Type IIA/a 0.8%, Type IIA/b 0.4%, Type IIA/c 0%, Type IIB/a 1.1%, IIB/b 0.3%, IIB/c 0.5%, Type IIIa 1.5%, Type IIIb 1.4%, Type IIIc 1.7%. Finally, the types of accessory navicular bones were discussed and the imaging modalities for diagnosis were presented.
副骨是踝关节和足部的骨骼变异，可导致疼痛综合征。副舟骨是足部最常见的副骨之一（4%-21%），也被称为胫骨外骨、胫骨外生骨和副舟骨。这块骨头可与舟骨的后内侧结节相邻，也可分离，可能导致足部多种疾病，并可模拟足部骨骼骨折。本研究的目的是详细调查土耳其受试者双下肢副舟骨的发生率和类型，并按性别进行分类。在650名受试者的放射学检查中，通过前后位X线片检测到副舟骨（11%）。女性和男性参与者副舟骨的发生率分别为6.1%-4.9%。副舟骨分为I型、II型和III型三组，其发生率分别为3.3%、3.1%、4.6%。每组又分为亚组。各亚组的发生率分别为：Ia型0.6%，Ib型1.5%，Ic型1.2%，IIA/a型0.8%，IIA/b型0.4%，IIA/c型0%，IIB/a型1.1%，IIB/b型0.3%，IIB/c型0.5%，IIIa型1.5%，IIIb型1.4%，IIIc型1.7%。最后，讨论了副舟骨的类型，并介绍了诊断的影像学方法。
