Yaniv E, Kol R
ENT Dept., Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheba.
Harefuah. 1991 May 15;120(10):573-7.
Damage caused by neomycin sulphate solution, identical in concentration to that in ear drops, was tested on the cochleas of 28 guinea pigs. Neomycin sulphate with dexamethasone sodium, and physiologic salt solutions were also tested. Only neomycin solutions damaged the cochlea, and even after only a single exposure. The damage after a single exposure was to the supporting cells and not to the hair cells. However, because of the importance of the supporting cells for normal hearing and because destruction of supporting cells leads to shedding of hair cells, the resulting functional impairment is similar. As a result of further exposure to neomycin the hair cells themselves are damaged, and there is also loss of cell hair. Damage to either the cells or to the hair causes hearing loss. From our work it is clear that in guinea pigs neomycin is absorbed from the middle ear into the inner ear and damages the cochlea. Increased exposure to neomycin increases the damage.
用浓度与耳滴剂相同的硫酸新霉素溶液对28只豚鼠的耳蜗进行损伤测试。还测试了硫酸新霉素与地塞米松钠以及生理盐溶液。只有新霉素溶液会损伤耳蜗，即使仅单次暴露也会如此。单次暴露后的损伤是对支持细胞而非毛细胞。然而，由于支持细胞对正常听力很重要，且支持细胞的破坏会导致毛细胞脱落，所以由此产生的功能损害是相似的。由于进一步暴露于新霉素，毛细胞自身会受损，同时也会有细胞毛的丧失。细胞或细胞毛的损伤都会导致听力损失。从我们的研究中可以清楚地看到，在豚鼠中，新霉素从中耳吸收进入内耳并损伤耳蜗。新霉素暴露增加会加剧损伤。
