Plata Katarzyna, Majewski Włodzimierz
Samodzielna Pracownia Pielegniarstwa Chirurgicznego Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie ul. Zołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin.
Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2008;54(2):77-85.
It is widely known that quality of life of patients after colorectal surgery with creation of stoma substantially deteriorates. In this instance it seems interesting to assess if it is improving in time and what measures are to be undertaken to achieve such improvement. Aims to assess changes in quality of life of patients after colorectal surgery with creation of a stoma, in 3 and 6 months after intervention, and establish possibility of improvement of quality of life in these patients.
A group of 84 patients 36 men and 48 women after colorectal cancer surgery with creation of a stoma was investigated by means of a standardized questionnaire EORTC QLQ C-30 (version 2.0), filled 3 and 6 months after intervention. Questions about possibilities of improvement of their quality of life were also posed.
Compared with representatives of general population, quality of life of investigated group 3 months after surgery was substantially inferior, in almost all items: functional domains and symptomatic ones as well. After 6 months substantial improvement in patients was revealed in functional domains such as physical functioning and fulfilling their role. However improvement of quality of life was observed in majority of items but it did not achieve the level of healthy population. Results achieved in male group which were inferior to results achieved by women after 3 months, exceeded the women' score after 6 months in many aspects. The improvement was influenced by acquaintance of patients with stoma, and by acquiring knowledge about stoma care which were considered low after 3, and after 6 months.
Quality of life substantially lower after intervention resulting in stoma formation, improves after 6 months, however there are still deteriorations in private and social life, and financial situation. An adequate education of patients in pre- and postoperative time and active informative support is mandatory to obtain some degree of improvement of their quality of life.
众所周知，结直肠手术后造口患者的生活质量会大幅下降。在这种情况下，评估其生活质量是否会随时间改善以及采取何种措施来实现这种改善似乎很有意思。目的是评估结直肠手术后造口患者在干预后3个月和6个月时生活质量的变化，并确定这些患者生活质量改善的可能性。
采用标准化问卷EORTC QLQ C - 30（2.0版）对一组84例结直肠癌手术后造口患者进行调查，其中男性36例，女性48例，在干预后3个月和6个月填写问卷。还询问了关于改善其生活质量可能性的问题。
与普通人群相比，研究组患者术后3个月的生活质量在几乎所有项目上都明显较差，包括功能领域和症状方面。6个月后，患者在身体功能和角色履行等功能领域有了显著改善。然而，生活质量在大多数项目上有所提高，但未达到健康人群的水平。男性组在3个月时的结果低于女性组，6个月后在许多方面超过了女性组的得分。改善受到患者对造口的熟悉程度以及造口护理知识获取情况的影响，3个月和6个月时这些方面的情况都被认为较差。
造口形成干预后生活质量大幅降低，6个月后有所改善，但在个人和社会生活以及经济状况方面仍存在恶化。在术前和术后对患者进行充分的教育以及积极的信息支持对于提高他们的生活质量达到一定程度是必不可少的。
