Whiteman Matthew, Moore Philip K
Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK.
J Cell Mol Med. 2009 Mar;13(3):488-507. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00645.x.
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a well known and pungent toxic gas that has recently been shown to be synthesised in man from the amino acids cystathionine, homocysteine and cysteine by at least two distinct enzymes; cystathionine-gamma-lyase and cystathionine-beta-synthase. In the past few years, H(2)S has emerged as a novel and increasingly important mediator in the cardiovascular system but delineating the precise physiology and pathophysiology of H(2)S is proving to be complex and difficult to unravel with disparate findings reported with cell types, tissue types and animal species reported. Therefore, in this review we summarize the mechanisms by which H(2)S has been proposed to regulate blood pressure and cardiac function, discuss the mechanistic discrepancies reported in the literature as well as the therapeutic potential of H(2)S. We also examine the methods of H2S detection in biological fluids, processes for H(2)S removal and discuss the reported blood levels of H(2)S in man and animal models of cardiovascular pathology. We also highlight the complex interaction of H(2)S with nitric oxide in regulating cardiovascular function in health and disease.
硫化氢（H₂S）是一种众所周知的刺激性有毒气体，最近研究表明，人体可通过至少两种不同的酶，即胱硫醚-γ-裂解酶和胱硫醚-β-合酶，由氨基酸胱硫醚、同型半胱氨酸和半胱氨酸合成硫化氢。在过去几年中，硫化氢已成为心血管系统中一种新型且日益重要的介质，但要阐明硫化氢的确切生理学和病理生理学过程却颇具复杂性，由于在不同细胞类型、组织类型和动物物种中报道的结果存在差异，因此难以梳理清楚。所以，在本综述中，我们总结了硫化氢被认为可调节血压和心脏功能的机制，讨论了文献中报道的机制差异以及硫化氢的治疗潜力。我们还研究了生物体液中硫化氢的检测方法、硫化氢的清除过程，并讨论了在人类和心血管疾病动物模型中报道的硫化氢血液水平。我们还强调了硫化氢与一氧化氮在调节健康和疾病状态下心血管功能方面的复杂相互作用。
