Leitte Arne Marian, Petrescu Cristina, Franck Ulrich, Richter Matthias, Suciu Oana, Ionovici Romanita, Herbarth Olf, Schlink Uwe
Core Facility Studien, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2009 Jun 15;407(13):4004-11. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.042. Epub 2009 Apr 16.
Associations between ambient air pollution and respiratory health have been mainly reported for Western Europe and Northern America.
Our goal was to investigate such associations among the population of Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Romania, a city in Central Eastern Europe (CEE), and to quantify their modification by air humidity. The latter is of increased interest for the current discussion about the potential effects of climate change on human health.
We investigated (study period: 23.01.2001-31.08.2002) the associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and chronic bronchitis (CB) and total suspended particles (TSP), sulphur dioxide (SO(2)) and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)). Generalized additive models (GAM) controlling for time patterns and weather effects were applied. Delayed effects up to seven days were analysed in single lag and polynomial distributed lag models (PDLMs).
An increase of 10 microg/m(3) TSP was related to a 3.3% (95% CI: 0.3%-6.4%) and a 2.8% (95% CI: 0.1%-5.7%) increase for hospital admissions for chronic bronchitis with a lag of one and four days, respectively. The adverse effect of TSP on chronic bronchitis was reduced by higher humidity. An increase of 10 microg/m(3) SO(2) was related to a 6% (95% CI: 7%-25%) increase, with a two days lag, for hospital admissions for chronic bronchitis. We have not been able to identify a threshold, below which ambient TSP and SO(2) concentrations have no effect on hospital admissions for chronic bronchitis. We found adverse but nonsignificant influences of TSP, SO(2) and NO(2) on total respiratory hospital admissions, COPD and asthma and NO(2) on chronic bronchitis.
We conclude that in Drobeta-Turnu Severin CB is associated with TSP and mainly SO(2). Dry air aggravates the adverse effect of TSP.
关于环境空气污染与呼吸健康之间的关联，主要是在西欧和北美地区进行的报道。
我们的目标是调查罗马尼亚中东部城市德罗贝塔 - 图尔努 - 塞韦林的居民中的此类关联，并量化空气湿度对其的影响。对于当前关于气候变化对人类健康潜在影响的讨论而言，空气湿度愈发受到关注。
我们进行了调查（研究时间段：2001年1月23日至2002年8月31日），研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、哮喘和慢性支气管炎（CB）与总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）、二氧化硫（SO₂）和二氧化氮（NO₂）之间的关联。应用了控制时间模式和天气影响的广义相加模型（GAM）。在单滞后和多项式分布滞后模型（PDLMs）中分析了长达七天的延迟效应。
TSP每增加10微克/立方米，慢性支气管炎住院人数分别在滞后1天和4天时增加3.3%（95%可信区间：0.3% - 6.4%）和2.8%（95%可信区间：0.1% - 5.7%）。较高的湿度降低了TSP对慢性支气管炎的不良影响。SO₂每增加10微克/立方米，慢性支气管炎住院人数在滞后2天时增加6%（95%可信区间：7% - 25%）。我们未能确定一个阈值，低于该阈值环境TSP和SO₂浓度对慢性支气管炎住院人数无影响。我们发现TSP、SO₂和NO₂对总呼吸科住院人数、COPD和哮喘有不良但不显著的影响，NO₂对慢性支气管炎有不良但不显著的影响。
我们得出结论，在德罗贝塔 - 图尔努 - 塞韦林，慢性支气管炎与TSP以及主要与SO₂有关。干燥空气会加重TSP的不良影响。
