Lafère Pierre, Germonpré Peter, Balestra Costantino
Center for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Military Hospital Queen Astrid, Brussels, Belgium.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009 Apr;80(4):371-5. doi: 10.3357/asem.2402.2009.
Experience from treating diving accidents indicates that a large proportion of divers suffering from pulmonary barotraumas (PBT) or arterial gas embolism (AGE) were engaged in training dives, specifically emergency free ascent (EFA). We tried to verify this relationship and to calculate, if possible, the risk associated with normal recreational dives, training dives, and EFA training dives.
All diving accidents treated at the Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (Brussels, Belgium) from January 1995 until October 2005 were reviewed. Data on the average number of dives performed and the proportion of in-water skills training dives were obtained from the major Belgian dive associations.
A total of 124 divers were treated, of whom 34 (27.4%) were diagnosed with PBT. Of those, 20 divers (58.8%) had symptoms of AGE. In 16 of those, EFA training exercise was deemed responsible for the injury. The association between EFA training and PBT proved to be very significant, with an odds ratio of 11.33 (95% confidence interval: 2.186 to 58.758). It was possible to calculate that a training dive (0.456 to 1.36/10,000) carries a 100 to 400 times higher risk, and an ascent training dive (1.82 to 5.46/10,000 dives) a 500 to 1500 times higher risk for PBT than a non-training dive (0.0041 to 0.0043/10,000 dives).
This study confirms a significant association between EFA training dives and the occurrence of PBT.
治疗潜水事故的经验表明，很大一部分患有肺气压伤（PBT）或动脉气体栓塞（AGE）的潜水者参与的是训练潜水，特别是紧急自由上升（EFA）训练。我们试图验证这种关系，并在可能的情况下计算与正常休闲潜水、训练潜水和EFA训练潜水相关的风险。
回顾了1995年1月至2005年10月在高压氧治疗中心（比利时布鲁塞尔）治疗的所有潜水事故。从比利时主要潜水协会获取了潜水次数平均数和水中技能训练潜水比例的数据。
共治疗了124名潜水者，其中34名（27.4%）被诊断为PBT。其中，20名潜水者（58.8%）有AGE症状。其中16名潜水者的受伤被认为是EFA训练所致。EFA训练与PBT之间的关联非常显著，优势比为11.33（95%置信区间：2.186至58.758）。可以计算出，训练潜水（每10000次中有0.456至1.36次）发生PBT的风险比非训练潜水（每10000次中有0.0041至0.0043次）高100至400倍，上升训练潜水（每10000次潜水中有1.82至5.46次）发生PBT的风险比非训练潜水高500至{1500}倍。
本研究证实了EFA训练潜水与PBT发生之间存在显著关联。
