Arteaga Alejandro, Santa-Olalla Patricia, Sierra M José, Limia Aurora, Cortés Marta, Amela Carmen
Servicio Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2009 May;27(5):278-84. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2008.01.003. Epub 2009 Apr 21.
The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection in North America and Europe has increased in the last years, generating concern among health professionals. A new strain of C. difficile has been identified in recent nosocomial outbreaks and community-acquired infections. This new strain, characterized as toxigenic type III, PCR ribotype 027 (C. difficile 027), presents higher pathogenicity because of increased exotoxin production, and a characteristic antibiotic resistance profile. Since 2003, several European countries have notified cases of C. difficile 027-associated disease, a fact that demonstrates its rapid dissemination. In this article, we review the latest nosocomial outbreaks associated with this new strain, which illustrate the need for a standardized surveillance system for early detection and implementation of control measures aimed at reducing the spread of this microorganism.
在过去几年中，北美和欧洲艰难梭菌感染的发病率有所上升，这引起了卫生专业人员的关注。最近在医院内暴发和社区获得性感染中发现了一种新的艰难梭菌菌株。这种新菌株被鉴定为产毒III型，PCR核糖体分型027（艰难梭菌027），由于外毒素产生增加而具有更高的致病性，并且具有独特的抗生素耐药谱。自2003年以来，几个欧洲国家已报告了与艰难梭菌027相关疾病的病例，这一事实表明其传播迅速。在本文中，我们回顾了与这种新菌株相关的最新医院内暴发情况，这些情况表明需要一个标准化的监测系统，以便早期发现并实施旨在减少这种微生物传播的控制措施。
