Baratta R, Solomonow M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Aug;71(2):749-57. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.749.
The dynamic response of the tibialis anterior muscle of the cat was determined while it was subjected to sinusoidally varying orderly stimulation of motor units and to different isotonic loads in the range of 14-85% of the maximal isometric force. The dynamic response consisted of three major components: the displacement gain, the displacement attenuation, and a pure time delay. The displacement gain was dependent on the passive load applied to the muscle and the active force generated during contraction, which could be determined from the length-tension relationships and the corresponding shortening velocity. In general, the load displacement decreased as the load mass increased from 25 to 85% of the maximal isometric force. For loads less than 25% of the maximal isometric force, slight decrease in displacement was consistently observed. The displacement attenuation was dependent on the contraction frequency but uniform for all the load masses applied to the muscle. A pure time delay of 5 ms was present and accounted for various physiological processes such as conduction time in nerve and muscle, neuromuscular junction transmission, and excitation-contraction coupling. A quantitative equation was developed to describe the muscle's dynamic response under isotonic conditions and for a wide range of loads for use in various applications.
在猫的胫骨前肌受到运动单位的正弦变化有序刺激以及在最大等长力的14% - 85%范围内的不同等张负荷作用时，测定了该肌肉的动态反应。动态反应由三个主要成分组成：位移增益、位移衰减和纯时间延迟。位移增益取决于施加在肌肉上的被动负荷以及收缩过程中产生的主动力，这可以根据长度 - 张力关系和相应的缩短速度来确定。一般来说，当负荷质量从最大等长力的25%增加到85%时，负荷位移减小。对于小于最大等长力25%的负荷，始终观察到位移略有减小。位移衰减取决于收缩频率，但对于施加在肌肉上的所有负荷质量来说是均匀的。存在5毫秒的纯时间延迟，它解释了各种生理过程，如神经和肌肉中的传导时间、神经肌肉接头传递以及兴奋 - 收缩偶联。开发了一个定量方程来描述肌肉在等张条件下以及广泛负荷范围内的动态反应，以便用于各种应用。
