Li Xiaojie, Cong Yizhou, Yang Guanpin, Shi Yuanyuan, Qu Shancun, Li Zhiling, Wang Guowen, Zhang Zhuangzhi, Luo Shiju, Dai Hongliang, Xie Jianzu, Jiang Guangliang, Liu Jialiang, Wang Tongyong
J Appl Phycol. 2007 Apr;19(2):139-151. doi: 10.1007/s10811-006-9120-0. Epub 2006 Nov 10.
Direct cultivation of the first filial generation of gametophyte clones from different Laminaria species is a highly effective way of utilizing kelp heterozygous vigor (heterosis). A male gametophyte clone of L. longissima Miyabe and a female one of L. japonica Areschoug were hybridized, generating Dongfang No. 2 hybrid kelp. This hybrid kelp was used directly in trial cultivation, and its agronomical traits were evaluated. L. longissima and L. japonica are obviously different and complement each other in their morphological characteristics and ecological performances. The hybrid of their gametophyte clones, Dongfang No. 2, showed 56.8% heterozygous vigor in yield. It also showed increased yields of 41.0 and 76.4% compared to the widely used commercial kelps Variety 1 and Variety 2, respectively. In large-scale cultivation trials at different locations and in different years, Dongfang No. 2 attained significantly higher yields than Varieties 1 and 2, increasing yield by 26.4% on average over Variety 1 and by 65.0% over the other. Dongfang No. 2 has a robust holdfast and a wide, long and deep-brown uniform blade, which shows a distinct middle groove. In addition to yield, Dongfang No. 2 also demonstrates obvious heterozygous vigor in other agronomic traits. It is resistant to strong irradiance, as the two commercial varieties are, has an appropriate vegetative maturation time, and adapts well to a range of different culture conditions. The parentage analysis using AFLP of total DNA and SNP of the ITS region of ribosomal RNA transcription unit showed that Dongfang No. 2 is the real hybrid of L. japonica and L. longissima.
对不同海带品种的配子体克隆子一代进行直接培育，是利用海带杂种优势的一种高效方法。将长海带（Miyabe氏长海带）的雄配子体克隆与海带（Areschoug氏海带）的雌配子体克隆进行杂交，培育出东方2号杂交海带。该杂交海带直接用于试养，并对其农艺性状进行了评估。长海带和海带在形态特征和生态表现上明显不同且相互补充。它们的配子体克隆杂交种东方2号在产量上表现出56.8%的杂种优势。与广泛使用的商业海带品种1和品种2相比，其产量分别提高了41.0%和76.4%。在不同地点和不同年份的大规模养殖试验中，东方2号的产量显著高于品种1和品种2，平均比品种1增产26.4%，比另一个品种增产65.0%。东方2号具有粗壮的固着器和宽大、狭长且呈深褐色的均匀叶片，叶片上有明显的中脉。除产量外，东方2号在其他农艺性状上也表现出明显的杂种优势。它与两个商业品种一样，耐强光，营养成熟时间适宜，能很好地适应一系列不同的养殖条件。利用核糖体RNA转录单元ITS区域的总DNA AFLP和SNP进行的亲本分析表明，东方2号是海带和长海带的真正杂交种。
