Schenck-Gustafsson Karin
Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, Karolinska Institute, Institute for Medicine, Centre of Gender Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, SE. 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
Maturitas. 2009 Jul 20;63(3):186-90. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.02.014. Epub 2009 Apr 29.
Management of women's health seldom includes cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in spite of CVD being the most common cause of death in females being even more common than cancer, HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined. According to the World Heart Federation, CVD is indisputably the most serious, neglected health problem for women in both the developing and the developed worlds. A possible reason may be that CVD has traditionally been perceived as a 'man's illness'. Since 6 out of 10 deaths from CVD can be prevented, it is of utmost importance that there is more general awareness about CVD in women. The most important factors for developing CVD are dyslipidaemia, hypertension, smoking, stress, diabetes, obesity (especially abdominal fat distribution), physical inactivity, poor eating habits and possibly excessive alcohol intake. Some unique risk factors for CVD exist in women; of which older age at presentation is a major one as they are more likely to suffer from co-morbidities such as diabetes and hypertension.
尽管心血管疾病（CVD）是女性最常见的死因，比癌症、艾滋病毒/艾滋病、疟疾和结核病加起来还要常见，但女性健康管理很少包括心血管疾病预防。根据世界心脏联盟的说法，心血管疾病无疑是发展中国家和发达国家女性面临的最严重、最被忽视的健康问题。一个可能的原因是，心血管疾病传统上被视为一种“男性疾病”。由于十分之六的心血管疾病死亡是可以预防的，提高女性对心血管疾病的普遍认识至关重要。患心血管疾病的最重要因素是血脂异常、高血压、吸烟、压力、糖尿病、肥胖（尤其是腹部脂肪分布）、缺乏运动、不良饮食习惯以及可能过量饮酒。女性存在一些独特的心血管疾病风险因素；其中就诊时年龄较大是一个主要因素，因为她们更有可能患有糖尿病和高血压等合并症。
