Reis Cassius V C, Gonzalez Fernando L, Zabramski Joseph M, Hassan Ashraf, Deshmukh Pushpa, Albuquerque Felipe C, Preul Mark C
Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Neurosurgery. 2009 May;64(5 Suppl 2):318-23; discussion 323. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000340781.34122.A2.
The superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) provides an alternative venous access for the treatment of carotid-cavernous fistulae. Its direct surgical exposure and cannulation can be difficult. This study was performed to identify anatomic landmarks to facilitate localization and exposure of the SOV.
The vascular tree of 6 formalin-fixed human cadaveric heads was injected with colored silicone. The SOV was exposed using a periorbital incision. The diameter of the SOV, its distance to the inferior border of the incision, and the angle formed by the SOV and sagittal midpupillary line were measured. The tributaries of the SOV and its orbital anatomy and relationship to the supraorbital notch/foramen were evaluated.
The SOV was located in the superomedial quadrant of the orbit. Its mean diameter was 2.2 mm (standard deviation, +/-1.2 mm). The mean distance from the SOV to the superior sulcus of the eyelid nasally was 5.9 mm (standard deviation, +/-2.0 mm). The mean angle formed by the SOV and the sagittal midpupillary line was 27.9 degrees (standard deviation, +/-5.4 degrees). The tributaries of the SOV were the angular vein and supraorbital vein (SPOV). The SPOV, identified in all 12 dissections, could be followed to the SOV within the orbit. The SPOV was always located inside the supraorbital notch/foramen when the latter was present.
The SOV is located at the superomedial quadrant of the orbit. The SPOV is a reliable reference during surgical exposure. A lid crease or subbrow incision centered over the supraorbital notch simplifies identification of the SOV.
眼上静脉（SOV）为治疗颈内动脉海绵窦瘘提供了一种替代性静脉通路。其直接手术暴露和插管可能具有挑战性。本研究旨在确定解剖标志以促进SOV的定位和暴露。
向6个福尔马林固定的人类尸体头部的血管树注射彩色硅胶。通过眶周切口暴露SOV。测量SOV的直径、其至切口下缘的距离以及SOV与矢状中瞳孔线形成的角度。评估SOV的属支及其眼眶解剖结构以及与眶上切迹/孔的关系。
SOV位于眼眶的内上象限。其平均直径为2.2毫米（标准差，±1.2毫米）。SOV至鼻侧眼睑上沟的平均距离为5.9毫米（标准差，±2.0毫米）。SOV与矢状中瞳孔线形成的平均角度为27.9度（标准差，±5.4度）。SOV的属支为内眦静脉和眶上静脉（SPOV）。在所有12次解剖中均识别出SPOV，其在眼眶内可追踪至SOV。当存在眶上切迹/孔时，SPOV总是位于其内部。
SOV位于眼眶的内上象限。SPOV在手术暴露过程中是一个可靠的参考标志。以眶上切迹为中心的眼睑皱襞或眉下切口可简化SOV的识别。
