Evolution strategies for optical tomographic characterization of homogeneous media.

The reconstruction problem in diffuse optical tomography can be formulated as an optimization problem, in which an objective function has to be minimized. Current model-based iterative image reconstruction schemes commonly use information about the gradient of the objective function to locate the minimum. These gradient-based search algorithms often find local minima close to an initial guess, or do not converge if the gradient is very small. If the initial guess is too far from the solution, gradient-based schemes prove inefficient for finding the global minimum. In this work we introduce evolution-strategy (ES) algorithms for diffuse optical tomography. These algorithms seek to find the global minimum and are less sensitive to initial guesses and regions with small gradients. We illustrate the fundamental concepts by comparing the performance of gradient-based schemes and ES algorithms in finding optical properties (absorption coefficient microa , scattering coefficient micros , and anisotropy factor g) of a homogenous medium.