Zografos George C, Zagouri Flora, Sergentanis Theodoros N, Oikonomou Vassiliki, Fotou Maria, Nonni Aphrodite, Patsouris Effstratios
Breast Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokratio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Pain Pract. 2009 May-Jun;9(3):221-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2009.00273.x.
To assess the putative predictors that may influence the pain experienced during ductal endoscopy of the breast.
The pain experienced was evaluated in 19 consecutive premenopausal women with bloody nipple discharge scheduled for ductal endoscopy. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to estimate the degree of pain. The duration of the procedure, the history of lactation, and the phase of the menstrual cycle were evaluated with respect to pain experienced. Statistical analysis followed.
The average reported pain (VAS score, mean +/- standard deviation) was 5.79 +/- 1.51 while the maximum pain was 8.26 +/- 0.99. The average reported pain was marginally associated with the duration of the procedure in contrast to the maximum. Women who were at the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle exhibited a higher average reported pain. The history of breastfeeding was not associated with the average reported pain, but it was associated with less intense maximum pain.
Pain during ductal endoscopy of the breast is influenced by a host of factors: some immutable (such as history of lactation) and others variable (day of menstrual cycle). The latter (ie, avoidance of the luteal phase) may be targeted for the minimization of pain.
评估可能影响乳腺导管内镜检查期间所经历疼痛的假定预测因素。
对19名连续的计划接受导管内镜检查的绝经前血性乳头溢液女性所经历的疼痛进行评估。采用视觉模拟量表（VAS）来估计疼痛程度。就所经历的疼痛评估检查过程的持续时间、哺乳史和月经周期阶段。随后进行统计分析。
报告的平均疼痛（VAS评分，均值±标准差）为5.79±1.51，而最大疼痛为8.26±0.99。与最大疼痛相比，报告的平均疼痛与检查过程的持续时间仅存在微弱关联。处于月经周期黄体期的女性报告的平均疼痛较高。母乳喂养史与报告的平均疼痛无关，但与较轻的最大疼痛相关。
乳腺导管内镜检查期间的疼痛受多种因素影响：一些是不可改变的（如哺乳史），另一些是可变的（月经周期的日期）。后者（即避开黄体期）可作为减轻疼痛的目标。
