Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;22(5):417-25. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2009.04.007. Epub 2009 May 4.
Altered bronchial vascular reactivity and remodelling including angiogenesis are documented features of asthma and other chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Expansion of the bronchial vasculature under these conditions involves both functional (vasodilation, hyperperfusion, increased microvascular permeability, oedema formation, and inflammatory cell recruitment) and structural changes (tissue and vascular remodelling) in the airways. These changes in airway vascular reactivity and vascularisation have significant pathophysiological consequences, which are manifest in the clinical symptoms of airway disease. Airway vascular reactivity is regulated by a wide variety of neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators. Similarly, multiple growth factors are implicated in airway angiogenesis, with vascular endothelial growth factor amongst the most important. Increasing attention is focused on the complex interplay between angiogenic growth factors, airway smooth muscle and the various collagen-derived fragments that exhibit anti-angiogenic properties. The balance of these dynamic influences in airway neovascularisation processes and their therapeutic implications is just beginning to be elucidated. In this review article, we provide an account of recent developments in the areas of vascular reactivity and airway angiogenesis in chronic airway diseases.
气道血管反应性和血管生成的改变，包括支气管血管反应性和重塑，包括血管生成，是哮喘和其他慢性炎症性气道疾病的特征。在这些情况下，支气管血管扩张涉及气道中的功能性（血管扩张、充血、微血管通透性增加、水肿形成和炎症细胞募集）和结构变化（组织和血管重塑）。这些气道血管反应性和血管生成的变化具有重要的病理生理后果，表现在气道疾病的临床症状中。气道血管反应性受多种神经递质和炎症介质的调节。同样，多种生长因子参与气道血管生成，其中血管内皮生长因子最重要。越来越多的注意力集中在血管生成生长因子、气道平滑肌和具有抗血管生成特性的各种胶原衍生片段之间的复杂相互作用上。这些动态影响在气道新生血管生成过程中的平衡及其治疗意义才刚刚开始被阐明。在这篇综述文章中，我们介绍了慢性气道疾病中血管反应性和气道血管生成领域的最新进展。
