Lab of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, U.P., India.
Lab of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, U.P., India.
Biotechnol Adv. 2009 Nov-Dec;27(6):671-679. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.04.025. Epub 2009 May 4.
Encapsulation technology is an exciting and rapidly growing area of biotechnological research. This has drawn tremendous attention in recent years because of its wide use in conservation and delivery of tissue cultured plants of commercial and economic importance. Production of synthetic seeds by encapsulating somatic embryos, shoot buds or any other meristmatic tissue helps in minimizing the cost of micropropagated plantlets for commercialization and final delivery. In most of fruit crops, seed propagation has not been successful because of heterozygosity of seeds, minute seed size, presence of reduced endosperm, low germination rate, and also some are having seedless varieties. Many species have desiccation-sensitive intermediate or recalcitrant seeds and can be stored for only a few weeks or months. Under these circumstances, increasing interest has been shown recently to use encapsulation technology for propagation and conservation. Many fruit plants are studied worldwide for breeding, genetic engineering, propagation, and pharmaceutical purposes. In this context, synthetic seeds would be more applicable in exchange of elite and axenic plant material between laboratories and extension centers due to small bead size and ease in handling. Due to these advantages, interest in using encapsulation technology has continuously been increasing in several fruit plant species. The purpose of this review is to focus upon current information on development of synthetic seeds in several fruit crops.
包埋技术是生物技术研究中一个令人兴奋且快速发展的领域。近年来，由于其在商业和经济重要的组织培养植物的保存和传递方面的广泛应用，引起了极大的关注。通过包埋体细胞胚、芽或任何其他分生组织来生产合成种子，有助于降低商业化和最终交付所需的微繁殖植物的成本。在大多数水果作物中，由于种子的杂合性、种子的微小尺寸、存在减少的胚乳、低发芽率，以及一些品种是无核的，种子繁殖并不成功。许多物种具有对干燥敏感的中间型或难处理型种子，只能储存数周或数月。在这种情况下，最近人们对使用包埋技术进行繁殖和保存越来越感兴趣。世界范围内对许多水果植物进行了育种、遗传工程、繁殖和药用目的的研究。在这种情况下，由于微珠的粒径小且易于处理，合成种子在实验室和推广中心之间交换优良和无菌植物材料方面将更加适用。由于这些优势，在几种水果植物物种中，对使用包埋技术的兴趣不断增加。本文综述的目的是关注几种水果作物中合成种子的发展现状。
