Maestre-Ferrín Laura, Boronat-López Araceli, Peñarrocha-Diago María, Peñarrocha-Diago Miguel
Valencia University Medical and Dental School, Valencia, Spain.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Aug 1;14(8):e402-7.
The purpose of this review was to analyze publications related to augmentation procedures using autologous onlay grafts and to evaluate the survival/success rates of implants placed in the augmented areas. An automated search was made in Medline, of clinical publications from 2002 to 2007, including at least 5 patients and with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Ten papers were included. These suggested that grafts are indicated when the height of the alveolar crest is less than 5mm, or the width less than 4mm. The surface resorption of grafts protected by guided bone regeneration membranes was less than for unprotected grafts. Calvarial grafts suffered less resorption than did iliac grafts. The healing period of the graft until implant placement was, in most cases, 4-6 months. The most frequent complications in the recipient site were wound dehiscences. Prosthetic loading time was, in almost all patients, 3 months after implant placement. Implant survival rate ranged from 97.1% to 100%. Although , due to the difficulty in finding homogenous studies, the sample is small, we can conclude that autologous onlay block bone grafts are an effective procedure for alveolar crest augmentation; graft surface resorption is reduced when the grafts are protected by regeneration membranes; few complications arise from the procedure; and the success rate for implants placed in the reconstructed area is between 89.5 and 95.7%.
本综述的目的是分析与使用自体块状移植进行增量手术相关的出版物，并评估在增量区域植入种植体的存活/成功率。在Medline中对2002年至2007年的临床出版物进行了自动检索，包括至少5例患者且随访时间至少为6个月。纳入了10篇论文。这些论文表明，当牙槽嵴高度小于5mm或宽度小于4mm时，建议进行移植。由引导骨再生膜保护的移植骨的表面吸收少于未受保护的移植骨。颅骨移植比髂骨移植吸收更少。在大多数情况下，移植骨直至植入种植体的愈合期为4至6个月。受植部位最常见的并发症是伤口裂开。几乎所有患者在植入种植体后3个月进行修复加载。种植体存活率在97.1%至100%之间。尽管由于难以找到同类研究，样本量较小，但我们可以得出结论，自体块状骨移植是牙槽嵴增量的有效方法；当移植骨由再生膜保护时，移植骨表面吸收减少；该手术很少出现并发症；并且在重建区域植入种植体的成功率在89.5%至95.7%之间。
