Wu Isaac C, Orbach Darren B
Neuroradiology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2009 May;19(2):219-40, Table of Contents. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2009.01.005.
Head and neck high-flow vascular malformations are uncommon lesions whose management presents a clinical challenge. Although in some rare cases a complete cure is possible, in the vast majority the primary objective is symptom control, cosmesis improvement, and preservation of vital functions. Striving for "complete" treatment in most cases results in potentially devastating clinical and cosmetic outcome. Collateral supply via intracranial vessels is not uncommon, and scrupulous efforts to avoid complications related to inadvertent intracranial embolization or venous thrombosis are mandatory. Regardless of therapeutic goal, close long-term follow-up for lesion recurrence is necessary. Recent demonstration of syndromic associations for some subsets of HFVMs holds out the promise of the future development of medical therapy for these difficult lesions.
头颈部高流量血管畸形是罕见的病变，其治疗是一项临床挑战。尽管在一些罕见病例中有可能实现完全治愈，但在绝大多数情况下，主要目标是控制症状、改善外观和保留重要功能。在大多数病例中力求“完全”治疗会导致潜在的严重临床和外观后果。通过颅内血管的侧支供血并不少见，必须谨慎努力避免与意外颅内栓塞或静脉血栓形成相关的并发症。无论治疗目标如何，对病变复发进行密切的长期随访都是必要的。最近对某些高流量血管畸形亚组的综合征关联的证明为这些难治性病变的药物治疗未来发展带来了希望。
