Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Green Lane Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Auckland, New Zealand.
Injury. 2009 Sep;40(9):919-27. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2008.12.008. Epub 2009 May 13.
Repair of cardiac wounds was considered impossible little over 100 years ago. Despite progress, penetrating cardiac injury remains a highly lethal form of trauma today. Cardiac tamponade and exsanguination are the greatest immediate and life-threatening risks. Clinical presentation is extremely variable and diagnosis may be highly deceptive. Unlike other forms of trauma, resuscitation is of limited value and urgent operative intervention is the only meaningful treatment. Refinements in cardiothoracic surgery and the simultaneous evolution of trauma care systems have both contributed to saving lives. However, mortality rates for this condition have changed little in the last century, due largely to the rising proportion of more lethal injuries caused by gunshot wounds.
在 100 多年前，心脏创伤的修复被认为是不可能的。尽管取得了进展，但穿透性心脏损伤仍然是当今一种极具致命性的创伤形式。心脏压塞和出血是最直接和危及生命的风险。临床表现极其多变，诊断可能极具误导性。与其他形式的创伤不同，复苏的作用有限，紧急手术干预是唯一有意义的治疗方法。心胸外科的改进和创伤护理系统的同步发展都为挽救生命做出了贡献。然而，由于枪击伤等更致命的损伤比例上升，这种情况的死亡率在上个世纪几乎没有变化。
