Agurell E, Cederberg H, Ehrenberg L, Lindahl-Kiessling K, Rannug U, Törnqvist M
Department of Genetic and Cellular Toxicology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Mutat Res. 1991 Sep-Oct;250(1-2):229-37. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90180-v.
The two alkylating agents ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) were compared for genotoxic effectiveness in various test systems. The study was undertaken partly to shed light on the difference between the compounds found after chronic exposure of monkeys (Lynch et al., 1984) where EO but not PO was able to induce SCE and chromosomal aberrations. In the present study EO was found to be 5-10 times more effective than PO with respect to gene conversion and reverse mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D7 and sister-chromatid conversion in S. cerevisiae RS112. In contrast, the abilities of the two compounds to induce point mutation in S. typhimurium strains and SCE in human lymphocytes were approximately equal. One possible cause of EO being more effective than PO in certain respects, discussed on the basis of inference from earlier studies, is an expected difference in ability to cause strand breaks via alkylation of DNA-phosphate groups.
对两种烷化剂环氧乙烷（EO）和环氧丙烷（PO）在各种测试系统中的遗传毒性效力进行了比较。开展这项研究的部分目的是为了阐明在猴子长期接触后发现的化合物之间的差异（Lynch等人，1984年），其中环氧乙烷能够诱导姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）和染色体畸变，而环氧丙烷则不能。在本研究中，发现环氧乙烷在酿酒酵母D7中的基因转换和回复突变以及酿酒酵母RS112中的姐妹染色单体转换方面比环氧丙烷有效5至10倍。相比之下，这两种化合物在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株中诱导点突变以及在人淋巴细胞中诱导SCE的能力大致相当。根据早期研究推断，环氧乙烷在某些方面比环氧丙烷更有效的一个可能原因是，通过对DNA磷酸基团进行烷基化导致链断裂的能力存在预期差异。
