Brodzinski Holly, Ruddy Richard M
Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2009 May;25(5):352-60; quiz 361-3. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181a3497e.
Respiratory tract viral infection continues to be among the most common reasons for emergency department visits and hospitalization of children, particularly infants younger than 1 year, in the United States. Throughout the years, clinicians have considered respiratory syncytial virus followed by influenza as the most common pathogens responsible. Over the past decade, new viruses have been discovered through both more specific testing and the finding of new agents causing infection. This includes human metapneumovirus, which leads to similar but often epidemiologically more severe clinical symptoms than respiratory syncytial virus. Other agents responsible for lower respiratory tract infection include Coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome), Bocavirus, and others. This review serves to focus on some of the recent literature on these agents and the clinical impact they have on pediatric lung infection.
在美国，呼吸道病毒感染仍然是儿童前往急诊科就诊和住院的最常见原因之一，尤其是1岁以下的婴儿。多年来，临床医生一直认为呼吸道合胞病毒其次是流感是最常见的致病病原体。在过去十年中，通过更具针对性的检测以及发现新的感染病原体，发现了一些新病毒。这包括人偏肺病毒，它导致的临床症状与呼吸道合胞病毒相似，但在流行病学上往往更严重。其他导致下呼吸道感染的病原体包括冠状病毒（严重急性呼吸综合征）、博卡病毒等。这篇综述旨在关注有关这些病原体的一些最新文献以及它们对小儿肺部感染的临床影响。
