El-Sayed A M, Mitchell V J, McLaren G F, Manning L M, Bunn B, Suckling D M
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Gerald Street, 7608, Lincoln, New Zealand.
J Chem Ecol. 2009 Jun;35(6):656-63. doi: 10.1007/s10886-009-9619-3. Epub 2009 May 15.
This work was undertaken to identify floral compound(s) produced by honeysuckle flowers, Lonicera japonica (Thunberg), that mediate the attraction of New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus (Crawford). Volatiles were collected during the day and night and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine their emission over these two periods. Nine compounds were identified in the headspace; the main compound was linalool, and the other compounds were germacrene D, E,E-alpha-farnesene, nerolidol, cis-jasmone, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, hexyl acetate, cis-hexenyl tiglate, and indole. There was a quantitative difference between day and night volatiles, with cis-3-hexenyl acetate, hexyl acetate, cis-hexenyl tiglate, and cis-jasmone emitted in higher amounts during the day compared to the night. When the compounds were tested individually in field trapping experiments, only cis-jasmone attracted New Zealand flower thrips in a significant number. In another field trapping experiment, cis-jasmone caught similar numbers of New Zealand flower thrips compared to a floral blend formulated to mimic the ratios of the compounds emitted during the day, while catch with the night-emitted floral blend was not significantly different from the control. Subsequently, two field trapping experiments were conducted to determine the optimal attraction dose for cis-jasmone, a range of 1-100 mg loaded onto a red rubber stopper was tested, and the highest catches were in traps baited with 100 mg loading. A higher range of 100-1000 mg loaded into polyethylene vials was tested, and the highest catch was in traps baited with 500 mg. In another experiment aimed at comparing the attraction efficacy of cis-jasmone with the two other known thrips attractants (ethyl nicotinate and p-anisaldehyde), ethyl nicotinate showed the highest trap catch followed by cis-jasmone. A smaller number of Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) was attracted to traps baited with cis-jasmone. These results suggest that cis-jasmone might act as a kairomone that mediates the attraction of New Zealand flower thrips to the flowers of the Japanese honeysuckle.
开展这项工作是为了确定忍冬科植物忍冬（Lonicera japonica (Thunberg)）花朵产生的能介导新西兰花蓟马（Thrips obscuratus (Crawford)）吸引作用的花香化合物。在白天和夜晚收集挥发物，并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）进行分析，以确定它们在这两个时间段的释放情况。在顶空中鉴定出了9种化合物；主要化合物是芳樟醇，其他化合物为大根香叶烯D、E,E - α - 金合欢烯、橙花叔醇、顺式茉莉酮、顺式 - 3 - 己烯基乙酸酯、己基乙酸酯、顺式 - 己烯基惕各酸酯和吲哚。白天和夜晚的挥发物存在定量差异，与夜晚相比，顺式 - 3 - 己烯基乙酸酯、己基乙酸酯、顺式 - 己烯基惕各酸酯和顺式茉莉酮在白天的释放量更高。当在田间诱捕实验中单独测试这些化合物时，只有顺式茉莉酮吸引了大量的新西兰花蓟马。在另一项田间诱捕实验中，与模拟白天释放化合物比例配制的花香混合物相比，顺式茉莉酮捕获的新西兰花蓟马数量相似，而与夜晚释放的花香混合物捕获量与对照相比无显著差异。随后，进行了两项田间诱捕实验以确定顺式茉莉酮的最佳吸引剂量，测试了加载在红色橡胶塞上的1 - 100毫克范围内的剂量，并发现捕获量最高的是用100毫克加载量诱捕的陷阱。测试了加载到聚乙烯小瓶中的100 - 1000毫克的更高范围剂量，捕获量最高的是用500毫克诱捕的陷阱。在另一项旨在比较顺式茉莉酮与其他两种已知蓟马引诱剂（烟酸乙酯和对甲氧基苯甲醛）吸引效果的实验中，烟酸乙酯显示诱捕量最高其次是顺式茉莉酮。用顺式茉莉酮诱捕的陷阱吸引到的烟蓟马（Thrips tabaci (Lindeman)）数量较少。这些结果表明，顺式茉莉酮可能作为一种利它素介导新西兰花蓟马对日本金银花花朵的吸引。
