León Paumen M, de Voogt P, van Gestel C A M, Kraak M H S
Department of Aquatic Ecology & Ecotoxicology, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sci Total Environ. 2009 Aug 1;407(16):4605-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.039. Epub 2009 May 17.
The aim of the present study was to elucidate consistent patterns in chronic polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) toxicity to soil and sediment inhabiting invertebrates. Therefore we examined our experimental dataset, consisting of twenty-one chronic effect concentrations for two soil invertebrates (Folsomia candida and Enchytraeus cripticus) and two sediment invertebrates (Lumbriculus variegatus and Chironomus riparius) exposed to six PACs (two homocyclic isomers, anthracene and phenanthrene; two azaarene isomers: acridine and phenanthridine; and two azaarene transformation products, acridone and phenanthridone). In order to determine if effect concentrations were accurately predicted by existing toxicity-K(ow) relationships describing narcosis, chronic pore water effect concentrations were plotted jointly against logK(ow). Fifteen of the twenty-one effect concentrations (71%) were above the lower limit for narcosis, showing that narcosis was the main mode of action for the majority of the tested homo- and heterocyclic PACs during chronic exposure. Toxicity of all tested compounds to soil organisms was accurately described by the toxicity-K(ow) relationship. However, for the sediment invertebrates exposed to some of the tested heterocyclic PACs deviations from narcosis were identified, related to specific physicochemical properties of the test compounds and/or species specific sensitivities. It is concluded that existing toxicity-K(ow) relationships describing narcosis in some cases underestimate chronic PAC toxicity to sediment inhabiting invertebrates.
本研究的目的是阐明慢性多环芳烃化合物（PAC）对土壤和沉积物中无脊椎动物毒性的一致模式。因此，我们检查了我们的实验数据集，该数据集由两种土壤无脊椎动物（白符跳和隐尾蚓）和两种沉积物无脊椎动物（颤蚓和摇蚊）暴露于六种PAC（两种同环异构体，蒽和菲；两种氮杂芳烃异构体：吖啶和菲啶；以及两种氮杂芳烃转化产物，吖啶酮和菲啶酮）的21个慢性效应浓度组成。为了确定效应浓度是否能被现有的描述麻醉作用的毒性-辛醇/水分配系数（K(ow)）关系准确预测，将慢性孔隙水效应浓度与logK(ow)共同绘制。21个效应浓度中的15个（71%）高于麻醉作用下限，表明麻醉是大多数受试同环和杂环PAC在慢性暴露期间的主要作用方式。所有受试化合物对土壤生物的毒性都能被毒性-K(ow)关系准确描述。然而，对于暴露于一些受试杂环PAC的沉积物无脊椎动物，发现了与麻醉作用的偏差，这与受试化合物的特定物理化学性质和/或物种特异性敏感性有关。得出的结论是，现有的描述麻醉作用的毒性-K(ow)关系在某些情况下低估了慢性PAC对沉积物中无脊椎动物的毒性。
