Ayoola Omolola, Ebersole Kara, Omotade Olayemi O, Tayo Bamidele O, Brieger William R, Salami Kabiru, Dugas Lara R, Cooper Richard S, Luke Amy
Department of Paediatrics/Institute of Child Health, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Ann Hum Biol. 2009 Jul-Aug;36(4):388-99. doi: 10.1080/03014460902835606. Epub 2009 May 16.
There are few data describing the relative height and weight patterns of children and adolescents in rural Nigeria, despite a prevalence of stunting of over 38% among children younger than 5 years.
The present study documented the height and weight patterns relative to international standards among children and adolescents aged 5-20 years in rural Nigeria.
Children 5-20 years of age were enrolled from two rural villages. Height and weight were measured; body composition was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. z-scores and centiles for height and body mass index were calculated; prevalences of low relative height (i.e.>2 standard deviations below mean for age and sex) and weight by sex and age were estimated.
A total of 623 participants (326 male and 297 female) were enrolled. The mean height-for-age z-score for males younger than 19 years was -2.1 and prevalence of low relative height was 50%. Among females, the mean height-for-age z-score was -1.2 during adolescence; only 15% of adolescent females were of low relative height. Based on BMI-for-age, 37% of the adolescent males and 23% of females were underweight. No children or adolescents were overweight based on BMI-for-age.
Low relative height and underweight occur in a large proportion of children and adolescents in rural Nigeria, with the lowest relative heights and weights occurring in mid-adolescence and among males.
尽管在尼日利亚农村地区，5岁以下儿童发育迟缓的患病率超过38%，但关于该国农村儿童和青少年相对身高和体重模式的数据却很少。
本研究记录了尼日利亚农村地区5至20岁儿童和青少年相对于国际标准的身高和体重模式。
从两个农村村庄招募5至20岁的儿童。测量身高和体重；使用生物电阻抗分析估计身体成分。计算身高和体重指数的z分数和百分位数；按性别和年龄估计相对身高较低（即低于年龄和性别的平均标准差2个以上）和体重的患病率。
共招募了623名参与者（326名男性和297名女性）。19岁以下男性的年龄别身高z分数平均为-2.1，相对身高较低的患病率为50%。在女性中，青春期的年龄别身高z分数平均为-1.2；只有15%的青春期女性相对身高较低。根据年龄别体重指数，37%的青春期男性和23%的女性体重不足。根据年龄别体重指数，没有儿童或青少年超重。
在尼日利亚农村地区，很大一部分儿童和青少年存在相对身高较低和体重不足的情况，相对身高和体重最低的情况出现在青春期中期和男性中。
