Beasley Michael, Brooker Simon, Ndinaromtan Montanan, Madjiouroum Ester M, Baboguel Marie, Djenguinabe Elie, Bundy Don A P
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2002 Jul;7(7):625-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00900.x.
Survey data are presented from a nationwide survey of the health of schoolchildren in Chad. The country was stratified into distinct ecological zones based on satellite sensor environmental data. Twenty schools were visited and 1024 children aged between 6 and 15 years were included in the study. The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight, anaemia and goitre was 18.7, 16.5, 25.1 and 23.3%, respectively. Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni and hookworm were the only helminth species found with prevalences of 13.2, 1 and 32.7%, respectively. A greater proportion of boys were stunted, underweight, anaemic and infected with S. haematobium and hookworm than girls. Older children were more stunted, underweight and infected with S. haematobium and hookworm than younger children, but less anaemic. The prevalence of infection showed marked geographical heterogeneity, with hookworm prevalence being highest in the Sudanian and tropical zone, and S. haematobium being most prevalent in the Sahelian zone and the Logone and Chari basins in the west of the country. These data show that there is a high prevalence of helminth infection in Chad, but that treatment for S. haematobium and hookworm should be targeted to different geographical areas.
本文呈现了对乍得学童健康状况进行的全国性调查数据。该国根据卫星传感器环境数据被划分为不同的生态区域。研究走访了20所学校，纳入了1024名6至15岁的儿童。发育迟缓、体重不足、贫血和甲状腺肿的总体患病率分别为18.7%、16.5%、25.1%和23.3%。埃及血吸虫、曼氏血吸虫和钩虫是仅发现的蠕虫种类，患病率分别为13.2%、1%和32.7%。发育迟缓、体重不足、贫血以及感染埃及血吸虫和钩虫的男孩比例高于女孩。年龄较大的儿童比年龄较小的儿童发育迟缓、体重不足以及感染埃及血吸虫和钩虫的情况更严重，但贫血情况较轻。感染率呈现出明显的地理异质性，钩虫感染率在苏丹和热带地区最高，埃及血吸虫在萨赫勒地区以及该国西部的洛贡河和沙里河盆地最为普遍。这些数据表明，乍得蠕虫感染率很高，但埃及血吸虫和钩虫的治疗应针对不同地理区域。
