Tiwari S, Youngman R R, Lewis E E, Eisenback J D
Alson H. Smith, Jr. AREC, Winchester, VA 22602, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2009 Apr;102(2):602-9. doi: 10.1603/029.102.0218.
Greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2004-2006 to examine the reciprocal effects of aboveground herbivory by European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and belowground herbivory by root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae), on one another at three corn, Zea mays L., growth stages. Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of aboveground herbivory by O. nubilalis on the number of M. incognita juvenile penetration/root system and eggs/root system. In the first experiment, the O. nubilalis infestation level by plant growth stage main effect interaction was not significant for either M. incognita juvenile penetration or eggs. The overall effect of stalk tunneling by O. nubilalis resulted in 48.9% fewer juvenile penetration and 40.0% fewer eggs than in the respective controls. In the second experiment, the main effects interaction was significant for juvenile penetration (P = 0.0422) and eggs (P = 0.0134). At the eight- and 10-leaf growth stages, the combined effect of one and three O. nubilalis larvae per plant resulted in 41.2 and 44.7% significantly fewer juvenile penetration than in the respective controls. Similarly, the combined effect of stalk tunneling (with the exception of one larvae per plant at the 10-leaf growth stage) at the six-, eight-, and 10-leaf growth stages resulted in 46.3, 53.3, and 55.2% fewer eggs than in the respective controls. In all instances, M. incognita juvenile penetration and eggs were significantly negatively correlated with O. nubilalis tunnel length. In a reciprocal experiment conducted two times, no significant (P > 0.05) effect of M. incognita inoculation level on stalk tunneling was found in either experiment.
2004年至2006年进行了温室试验，以研究欧洲玉米螟Ostrinia nubilalis（Hübner）（鳞翅目：草螟科）地上部取食与根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood（垫刃目：异皮科）地下部取食在玉米（Zea mays L.）三个生长阶段对彼此的相互影响。进行了两项试验，研究欧洲玉米螟地上部取食对南方根结线虫幼虫侵入/根系数量和卵/根系数量的影响。在第一个试验中，欧洲玉米螟侵染水平与植物生长阶段的主效应交互作用对南方根结线虫幼虫侵入或卵均不显著。欧洲玉米螟茎杆隧道化的总体影响导致幼虫侵入比相应对照减少48.9%，卵减少40.0%。在第二个试验中，主效应交互作用对幼虫侵入（P = 0.0422）和卵（P = 0.0134）显著。在8叶和10叶生长阶段，每株植物有1头和3头欧洲玉米螟幼虫的综合影响导致幼虫侵入比相应对照显著减少41.2%和44.7%。同样，在6叶、8叶和10叶生长阶段，茎杆隧道化（10叶生长阶段每株植物1头幼虫的情况除外）的综合影响导致卵比相应对照分别减少46.3%、53.3%和55.2%。在所有情况下，南方根结线虫幼虫侵入和卵与欧洲玉米螟隧道长度均呈显著负相关。在进行了两次的反向试验中，两个试验均未发现南方根结线虫接种水平对茎杆隧道化有显著影响（P > 0.05）。
