Nakasato T, Ehara S, Tamakawa Y, Kobayakawa T
Center for Radiological Science, Iwate Medical University.
Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 1991 Aug 25;51(8):912-22.
Arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a noninfectious, noninflammatory condition characterized by joint pain, noise (clicking) and abnormal motion. It contains various disease processes, such as abnormalities in the menisci or masticating muscles, subluxation of the condyle and degenerative joint disease. Analysis of the morphology and dynamics of TMJ by means of imaging modalities has become highly advanced since the development of arthrography in the late 1970s. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the modality of choice in the evaluation of TMJ owing to the development of surface coils. We retrospectively studied MRI and inferior joint compartment arthrography in the evaluation of TMJ disorders. Nineteen joints of 14 patients included 15 with internal derangement, two with osteoarthrosis and two normal joints. Sagittal MR images were routinely obtained in a resting position and in positions with the mouth half open, and also with the mouth fully open on balanced images. Although perforation of the menisci was difficult to evaluate, MRI and arthrography were equally useful in identifying the shape and position of the meniscus. However, MRI was more reliable in depicting TMJ abnormalities than arthrography. MR is considered to be the modality of choice in screening arthrosis of TMJ, making the definitive diagnosis of internal derangement and monitoring conservative therapy for arthrosis.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）关节病是一种非感染性、非炎症性疾病，其特征为关节疼痛、弹响（喀哒声）和异常运动。它包含多种病理过程，如半月板或咀嚼肌异常、髁突半脱位以及关节退行性疾病。自20世纪70年代末关节造影术发展以来，通过成像方式对颞下颌关节的形态和动力学进行分析已取得了高度进展。由于表面线圈的发展，磁共振成像（MRI）已成为评估颞下颌关节的首选方式。我们回顾性研究了MRI和下颌关节下腔造影术在评估颞下颌关节紊乱中的应用。14例患者的19个关节中，15个存在内部紊乱，2个患有骨关节炎，2个为正常关节。矢状面MR图像常规在静止位、半开口位以及平衡图像上的完全开口位获取。尽管半月板穿孔难以评估，但MRI和关节造影术在确定半月板的形状和位置方面同样有用。然而，在描绘颞下颌关节异常方面，MRI比关节造影术更可靠。MR被认为是筛查颞下颌关节关节病、明确内部紊乱的诊断以及监测关节病保守治疗的首选方式。
